The removal of heavy metal cations from an aqueous solution using ionic liquids

Abstract

The performance of new water immiscible halogen-free ionic liquids, which were synthesized from the corresponding trialkylamine, was evaluated by comparing it to that of a highly efficient commercial ionic liquid as extracting agent of heavy metal cations. In order to determine the amount of metal cations present in the aqueous phase, after performing the extraction process, the atomic absorption technique was used. The removal of metal cations, such as nickel, copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt, from the aqueous solution with an initial concentration of 25 ppm performed by the synthesized ionic liquids at room temperature and neutral pH was highly efficient: for Ni (II), the efficiency was up to 96.00 %; for Pb (II), it ranged from 93.00 to 99.00 %; and for Cu (II), it almost reached 100 %.

Extraction of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions by halogen‐free ionic liquids

“…In the first step, either trihexylamine or trioctylamine was used to react with dimethyl carbonate to obtain trihexylmethylammonium methyl carbonate (MCTXMA) and trioctylmethylammonium methyl carbonate (MCTMA), respectively. The spectroscopic data of both ILs have been reported by Valdés Vergara et al …”

“…With the objective of extracting dyes from aqueous solutions, hydrophobic ILs capable of interacting with the dyes were used. The synthesis of MCTXMA and MCTMA were both based on the methylation reaction to obtain a quaternary amine …”

“…The synthesis of the ILs was based on a procedure reported in the literature . In the first step, either trihexylamine or trioctylamine was used to react with dimethyl carbonate to obtain trihexylmethylammonium methyl carbonate (MCTXMA) and trioctylmethylammonium methyl carbonate (MCTMA), respectively.…”

“…The fundamentals of LLE are based on the non‐uniform distribution of solute between immiscible liquid phases . In the last decade, ionic liquids (ILs) have drawn the attention of researchers working in different areas of chemistry because of their chemical stability, non‐volatility, non‐flammability and wide liquid‐temperature range …”

Fe(III) recovery from HCl solutions using amberlite XAD‐7 resin impregnated with a tetraalkyl phosphonium ionic liquid

“…Impregnated resins have been developed with the objective of combining the high efficiency of solvent extraction processes with the possibility of confining the solvent on a support in order to prevent its dispersion and loss in the aqueous solutions (these extractants are expensive and toxic to the environment) . Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been tested for the recovery of metal ions from solutions as an alternative to conventional extractants . Their low vapour pressure and their inertness are properties that can explain this interest in the field of metal extraction.…”