The remedial effect of Thymus vulgaris extract against lead toxicity-induced oxidative stress, hepatorenal damage, immunosuppression, and hematological disorders in rats

El‐Boshy, Mohamed; Refaat, Bassem; Qasem, Ahmed; Khan, Anmar A.; Ghaith, Mazen M.; Almasmoum, Hussain; Mahbub, Amani A.; Almaimani, Riyad A.

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05562-8

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the current study, the potential inflammatory reaction induced by PbAc treatment was proven by the high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α. These results are in agreement with earlier outcomes of Pb toxicity studies [12,37]. The molecular findings revealed upregulation of the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α along with overexpression of NF-κB in the hepatic tissue.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In accordance with previous data, exposure of rats to PbAc suppressed activities and downregulated mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes, i.e., GR, GPx, SOD, and CAT, in hepatic tissues [12,38,44,47,48]. Enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is considered to be the primary mechanism of the induction of hepatic stress by Pb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Biochemical data confirm the histological damage of the liver tissue. Previous studies reported Pb-induced anemia caused by the inhibitory effect of Pb on δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), which plays a significant role in heme synthesis, in addition to the formation of basophilic stippling in red blood cells with short life spans [12,36]. The elevated levels of total bilirubin in the PbAc-treated group may be attributed to massive heme destruction and obstruction of the biliary tract, with subsequent suppression of the conjugation reaction and release of unconjugated or indirect bilirubin from damaged liver cells [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pb can compete with and substitute some essential ions, such as zinc and copper, that represent vital cofactors in SOD and CAT activities [49]. SOD exerts its antioxidant actions by converting the toxic superoxide ion into a less toxic H 2 O 2 compound, whereas the CAT enzyme dissociates it into water and oxygen [12]. Glutathione (GSH) is the most important antioxidant in cells and represents the major defense tool against metal intoxication via its chelating capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lead is a multi-organ toxicant that affects vital organs, such as the brain, liver, kidney, and testis, causing various diseases and cancers [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Hepatotoxicity induced by Pb was previously reported to be related to the destruction of liver structure and loss of function [11,12]. Chelating agents that are currently used for the treatment of Pb intoxication cannot remove the intracellular metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antagonistic Efficacy of Luteolin against Lead Acetate Exposure-Associated with Hepatotoxicity is Mediated via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

et al. 2019

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The abundant use of lead (Pb; toxic heavy metal) worldwide has increased occupational and ecosystem exposure, with subsequent negative health effects. The flavonoid luteolin (LUT) found in many natural foodstuffs possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we hypothesized that LUT could mitigate liver damage induced by exposure to lead acetate (PbAc). Male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups: control group received normal saline, LUT-treated group (50 mg/kg, oral, daily), PbAc-treated group (20 mg/kg, i.p., daily), and LUT+PbAc-treated group (received the aforementioned doses via the respective routes of administration); the rats were treated for 7 days. The results revealed that PbAc exposure significantly increased hepatic Pb residue and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin value. Oxidative reactions were observed in the liver tissue following PbAc intoxication, characterized by the depletion and downregulation of antioxidant proteins (glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1), and an increase in oxidants (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). Additionally, PbAc increased the release and expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor kappa B. Moreover, PbAc enhanced hepatocyte loss by increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and caspase-3) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). The changes in the aforementioned parameters were further confirmed by noticeable histopathological lesions. LUT supplementation significantly reversed all of the tested parameters in comparison with the PbAc-exposed group. In conclusion, our findings describe the potential mechanisms involved in the alleviation of PbAc-induced liver injury by luteolin via its potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Antagonistic Efficacy of Luteolin against Lead Acetate Exposure-Associated with Hepatotoxicity is Mediated via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

et al. 2019

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Effects of Lamiaceae family plants and their bioactive ingredients on coronavirus‐induced lung inflammation

Kianmehr,

Khazdair,

Abbasnezhad

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a family of viruses that cause infection in respiratory and intestinal systems. Different types of CoVs, those responsible for the SARS‐CoV and the new global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in people, have been found. Some plants were used as food additives: spices and dietary and/or medicinal purposes in folk medicine. We aimed to provide evidence about possible effects of two Lamiaceae family plants on control or treatment of CoVs‐induced inflammation. The keywords including coronaviruses, Thymus vulgaris, Zataria multiflora, thymol, carvacrol, antivirus, and anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects were searched in various databases such as PubMed, Web of Sciences (ISI), and Google Scholar until September 2022. The medicinal herbs and their main ingredients, thymol and carvacrol, showed antiviral properties and reduced inflammatory mediators, including IL‐1β; IL‐6, and TNF‐α, at both gene and protein levels but increased the levels of IFN‐γ in the serum as anti‐inflammatory cytokine. These medicinal herbs and their constituents also reduce oxidative stress and enhance antioxidant capacity. The results of molecular docking analyses also indicated that polyphenol components such as thymol, carvone, and carvacrol could inhibit the entry of the viruses into the host cells in molecular docking analyses. The antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of these plants may be due to actions of their phenolic compounds that modulate immune response and may be useful in the control and treatment of CoV‐induced lung disorder.

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Apigenin protects from hepatorenal damage caused by lead acetate in rats

Fehaid

Al-Ghamdi

Alzahrani

et al. 2022

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Exposure to lead (Pb) is associated with serious health problems including hepatorenal toxicity. Apigenin is a natural‐sourced flavonoid with promising antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. In this research, we investigated the potential protective role of apigenin against lead acetate (PbAc)‐induced hepatorenal damage. Thus, this experiment studied the exposure of male Wistar Albino rats to apigenin and/or PbAc and their effects in comparison to the control rats. Apigenin administration decreased the levels of Pb and prevented the histopathological deformations in liver and kidney tissues following PbAc exposure. This was confirmed by the normalized levels of liver and kidney function markers. Additionally, apigenin inhibited significantly oxidative reactions through upregulating Nrf2 and HO‐1, and activating their downstreamed antioxidants accompanied by a marked depletion of pro‐oxidants. Moreover, apigenin decreased the elevated pro‐inflammatory cytokines and inhibited cell loss in liver and kidney tissues in response to PbAc intoxication in both tissues. The obtained results demonstrated that apigenin could be used to attenuate the molecular, biochemical, and histological alterations associated with Pb exposure due to its potent antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects.

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The remedial effect of Thymus vulgaris extract against lead toxicity-induced oxidative stress, hepatorenal damage, immunosuppression, and hematological disorders in rats

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

Antagonistic Efficacy of Luteolin against Lead Acetate Exposure-Associated with Hepatotoxicity is Mediated via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

Antagonistic Efficacy of Luteolin against Lead Acetate Exposure-Associated with Hepatotoxicity is Mediated via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

Effects of Lamiaceae family plants and their bioactive ingredients on coronavirus‐induced lung inflammation

Apigenin protects from hepatorenal damage caused by lead acetate in rats

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