The Remarkable Evolutionary Plasticity of Coronaviruses by Mutation and Recombination: Insights for the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Future Evolutionary Paths of SARS-CoV-2

Amoutzias, Grigoris D.; Nikolaidis, Marios; Tryfonopoulou, Eleni; Chlichlia, Katerina; Markoulatos, Panayotis; Oliver, Stephen G.

doi:10.3390/v14010078

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 200 publications

(341 reference statements)

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“…The spike of SARS-CoV-2 evolves faster than other genomic regions via both point mutations [ 41 , 42 ] and recombination [ 43 ]. Therefore, several evolutionary scenarios for the future trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 [ 44 ] show that this pandemic may not yet be over. Serious efforts should probably be made to develop new vaccines that also target other more stable genomic regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Bridge between First and Fourth Dose: Where Are We?

Stasi

Meoni²,

Voller³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has induced the explosion of vaccine research. Currently, according to the data of the World Health Organization, there are several vaccines in clinical (145) and preclinical (195) stages, while at least 10 are already in clinical phase 4 (post-marketing). Vaccines have proven to be safe, effective, and able to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its variants, as well as the clinical consequences of the development of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). In the two-dose primary vaccination, different time intervals between the two doses have been used. Recently, special attention has been paid to assessing the immunogenicity following booster administration. The third dose of the vaccine against COVID-19 may be administered at least 8 weeks after the second dose. In Israel, a fourth dose has already been approved in immunocompromised groups. The main objective of this review is to describe the principal results of studies on the effectiveness of first-to-fourth dose vaccination to reduce reinfection by variants and the incidence of severe disease/death caused by COVID-19. Vaccines have shown a high level of protection from symptomatic infection and reinfection by variants after a third dose. Accelerating mass third-dose vaccination could potentially induce immunogenicity against variants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Bridge between First and Fourth Dose: Where Are We?

Stasi

Meoni²,

Voller³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SARS-CoV-2 mortality and cases are much higher than originally thought [ 60 ]. This virus has shown flexibility in evolutionary terms and most likely may continue to exist for several years, in its current form or even in an evolved form [ 61 ]. As long as SARS-CoV-2 exists, the risk of mucormycosis infections might remain a subject of major concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Evaluation of Antifungal Compounds from Marine Sponges against COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis

et al. 2022

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The world is already facing the devastating effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A disseminated mucormycosis epidemic emerged to worsen this situation, causing havoc, especially in India. This research aimed to perform a multitargeted docking study of marine-sponge-origin bioactive compounds against mucormycosis. Information on proven drug targets and marine sponge compounds was obtained via a literature search. A total of seven different targets were selected. Thirty-five compounds were chosen using the PASS online program. For homology modeling and molecular docking, FASTA sequences and 3D structures for protein targets were retrieved from NCBI and PDB databases. Autodock Vina in PyRx 0.8 was used for docking studies. Further, molecular dynamics simulations were performed using the IMODS server for top-ranked docked complexes. Moreover, the drug-like properties and toxicity analyses were performed using Lipinski parameters in Swiss-ADME, OSIRIS, ProTox-II, pkCSM, and StopTox servers. The results indicated that naamine D, latrunculin A and S, (+)-curcudiol, (+)-curcuphenol, aurantoside I, and hyrtimomine A had the highest binding affinity values of −8.8, −8.6, −9.8, −11.4, −8.0, −11.4, and −9.0 kcal/mol, respectively. In sum, all MNPs included in this study are good candidates against mucormycosis. (+)-curcudiol and (+)-curcuphenol are promising compounds due to their broad-spectrum target inhibition potential.

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“…First, we have not carried out an extensive analysis of several SARS-CoV-2 variants. The evolutions of SARS-CoV-2 variants have been reported, and their molecular processes affect adaptation, transmissibility, host–pathogen generic characteristics [ 53 ]. Second, we have estimated

using the built-in library in Python with only positive serial intervals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Responses to COVID-19 and Epidemiological Characteristics in South Korea

Jeon

Han

Kim

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The characteristics of COVID-19 have evolved at an accelerated rate over the last two years since the first SARS-CoV-2 case was discovered in December 2019. This evolution is due to the complex interplay among virus, humans, vaccines, and environments, which makes the elucidation of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 essential to assess ongoing policy responses. In this study, we carry out an extensive retrospective analysis on infection clusters of COVID-19 in South Korea from January 2020 to September 2021 and uncover important clinical and social factors associated with age and regional patterns through the sophisticated large-scale epidemiological investigation using the data provided by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). Epidemiological data of COVID-19 include daily confirmed cases, gender, age, city of residence, date of symptom onset, date of diagnosis, and route of infection. We divide the time span into six major periods based on the characteristics of COVID-19 according to various events such as the rise of new variants, vaccine rollout, change of social distancing levels, and other intervention measures. We explore key features of COVID-19 such as the relationship among unlinked, asymptomatic, and confirmed cases, serial intervals, infector–infectee interactions, and age/region-specific variations. Our results highlight the significant impact of temporal evolution of interventions implemented in South Korea on the characteristics of COVID-19 transmission, in particular, that of a high level of vaccination coverage in the senior-aged group on the dramatic reduction of confirmed cases.

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The Remarkable Evolutionary Plasticity of Coronaviruses by Mutation and Recombination: Insights for the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Future Evolutionary Paths of SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 75 publications

References 200 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Bridge between First and Fourth Dose: Where Are We?

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Bridge between First and Fourth Dose: Where Are We?

In Silico Evaluation of Antifungal Compounds from Marine Sponges against COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis

Evolution of Responses to COVID-19 and Epidemiological Characteristics in South Korea

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