The reliability, validity, and stability of a measure of physical activity in the elderly

Kochersberger, Gary; McConnell, Eleanor S.; Kuchibhatla, Maragatha; Pieper, Carl F.

doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90258-0

Cited by 136 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…First, we assumed that the average daily PA counts reflected all physical activities performed by the subject. Accelerometers are considered to be a relatively objective measure of PA under free-living conditions (Kochersberger et al, 1996;Westerterp and Bouten, 1997;Zhang et al, 2003). However, it is well known that they do not adequately measure body movements of upper and lower extremities when the center of body mass (waist) remains motionless.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EE estimated using triaxial accelerometers has been shown to correlate with doubly labeled water measurements (Montoye et al, 1996) and with indirect calorimetry during sedentary activities (Bouten et al, 1994). The triaxial Tritrac-R3D (Reining International, Inc., Madison, WI, USA) used in this study had been used to estimate EE under free-living conditions and compared to self-reports (Matthews and Freedson, 1995;Kochersberger et al, 1996) and under 24-h laboratory conditions with EE measured in a whole-room indirect calorimeter (Chen and Sun, 1997;Buchowski et al, 2002). In the latter studies in both adults and adolescents, improved models were developed and validated using the simultaneous acceleration and EE data measured on minute-byminute basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Patterns of physical activity in free-living adults in the Southern United States

et al. 2004

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Objective: To examine the relationship between the amount and patterns of physical activity (PA), body fatness, and age in a heterogeneous adult population in the free living. Design: Cross-sectional study of the amount of PA over a 1-week period. The amount of body movements during PA (PA counts * 10 3 ) and time spent on various PA intensity categories were calculated from a triaxial accelerometer and compared with subject characteristics, including body fat from hydrodensitometry. Participants: Adult healthy men (n ¼ 48) and women (n ¼ 72) were recruited from the Nashville, Tennessee area and their PA was monitored in their free-living environment. Results: The average weekday PA counts (176.5760.3, P ¼ 0.002, r 2 ¼ 0.294), PA counts day-to-day variability (47.3732.7, P ¼ 0.002, r 2 ¼ 0.286), daily maximum PA counts (241.9789.2, P ¼ 0.001, r 2 ¼ 0.327), minute-to-minute variability on weekdays (0.28170.091, P ¼ 0.001, r 2 ¼ 0.362), and the difference between maximum and minimum daily PA counts (130.6778.3, P ¼ 0.008, r 2 ¼ 0.243) were significantly and negatively correlated with body fatness. During awake time, both men and women spent 10-12 h on low intensity (1.0-2.9 metabolic equivalents (METs)) PA, approximately 1 h on moderate (3.0-5.9 MET), and less than 10 min on vigorous (46.0 MET) PA each day. On weekends, men and women spent more time at rest (1 MET), less time on low-intensity PA, and men spent more time on moderate PA than on weekdays. Conclusions: In adults living in the Southern US the amount of free-living PA was negatively correlated with body fatness. Both men and women spent the majority of active time on low and moderate PA. PA patterns on weekends were different than on weekdays and were related to sex and age, but not to body fatness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Patterns of physical activity in free-living adults in the Southern United States

et al. 2004

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“…Tri-axial accelerometry has been shown to reflect directly observed daily activity in elderly people. 15 The Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living questionnaire, initially designed for patients with stroke, has been used in different settings and measures self-reported function and disability. 16,17 The EuroQol EQ-5D is a selfadministered 2-part questionnaire on health-related quality of life.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of perindopril on physical function in elderly people with functional impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Sumukadas¹,

Witham²,

Struthers³

et al. 2007

Canadian Medical Association Journal

222

161

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A decline in physical function with age is strongly associated with disability in later life. Although regular exercise has been shown to increase muscle strength and to slow functional decline, the majority of elderly people are sedentary and either unwilling or simply unable to contemplate adequate exercise participation. Alternative strategies to improve physical function are required.Several strands of evidence suggest a possible role for angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in improving physical function in elderly people. First, ACE inhibitors improve endothelial function and may improve muscle function by increasing muscle blood flow and glucose delivery.1 Second, an observational study involving elderly women with hypertension reported that ACE inhibitors slowed the decline in physical function and muscle strength when compared with other antihypertensive agents.2 Third, people with the II genotype of the ACE gene have low ACE activity and have been found to have an enhanced endurance performance and an anabolic response to exercise training.3 Fourth, use of an ACE inhibitor in a randomized placebo-controlled trial resulted in a significant improvement in exercise capacity among elderly patients with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.4 Although this effect may have been the result of improved cardiac function, ACE inhibitors may have direct effects on skeletal muscle. We therefore sought to examine the effect of the ACE inhibitor perindopril on physical function in functionally impaired elderly people who had no heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Methods Study design and participantsThis was a prospective, parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted between August 2003 and March 2006. Participants were recruited from among patients in the Medicine for the Elderly services in Tayside, Scotland, and from among patients attending other NHS services in Tayside. Patients aged 65 years or more with self-

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“…Recently, multi-axis accelerometers have gained acceptance as reproducible (14) and valid measures of EE in the laboratory setting in normal (15), elderly (16) and COPD subjects (17). They have also been validated in the "free-living" setting compared to activity diaries (18), radio-isotope methods (15,18) and indirect calorimetry (19) in both normal and COPD (17) subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity Monitoring and Energy Expenditure in COPD Patients: A Validation Study

Patel

Benzo

Slivka

et al. 2007

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

126

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There is increasing interest in the objective measurement of physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients due to the close relationship between physical activity level, health, disability and mortality. We aimed to (a) determine the validity and reproducibility of an activity monitor that integrates accelerometry with multiple physiologic sensors in the determination of energy expenditure in COPD subjects and (b) to document the independent contribution of the additional physiologic sensors to accelerometry measures in improving true energy expenditure determination. Eight subjects (4 male, FEV 1 56.4 ± 14.1%, RV 145.0 ± 75.7%) performed 2 separate 6-minute walk and 2 incremental shuttle walk exercise tests. Energy expenditure was calculated during each exercise test using the physiologic activity monitor and compared to a validated exhaled breath metabolic system. Test-retest reproducibility of physiologic activity monitor during the walking tests was comparable to an exhaled breath metabolic system. Physiologic sensor data significantly improved the explained variance in energy expenditure determination (r 2 = 0.88) compared to accelerometry data alone (r 2 = 0.68). This physiologic activity monitor provides a valid and reproducible estimate of energy expenditure during slow to moderate paced walking in a laboratory setting and represents an objective method to assess activity in COPD subjects.

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The reliability, validity, and stability of a measure of physical activity in the elderly

Cited by 136 publications

References 15 publications

Patterns of physical activity in free-living adults in the Southern United States

Patterns of physical activity in free-living adults in the Southern United States

Effect of perindopril on physical function in elderly people with functional impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Activity Monitoring and Energy Expenditure in COPD Patients: A Validation Study

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