SUMMARY Thirty five patients presenting with epilepsy alone and non-enhancing low-density lesion on the CT scan underwent a computer-assisted CT-guided stereotactic biopsy with stereotactic angiographic control. There was no mortality or morbidity in this series and the diagnostic yield was 97%. Thirty four patients had low grade intra-axial neoplasms. After an estimation of the pathological extent of the tumour, three patients underwent a computer-assisted stereotactic laser resection and 28 patients had radiotherapy. (b) Data acquisition All patients underwent a high resolution contrast CT scan with their heads placed in a modified CT compatible ToddWells stereotactic frame,' using a transverse localisation system consisting of nine carbon rods in a letter "N" configuration secured anteriorly and laterally to the head. In addition, all patients received an arterial digital subtractionangiography (DSA) with an angiographic reference system attached to the stereotactic head holder.2 Twenty-six patients underwent a stereotactic MRI, using a compatible stereotactic frame and a similar localisation system with nine rods filled with copper sulphate.Each CT and MRI slice with the nine localising artefacts and the stereotactic angiogram with localising fiducials was archived onto magnetic tape. The information from the tape was then read into a Data General Eclipse S140 computer system and displayed on an Independent Physicians Diagnostic Console (IPDC),4 and in theatre displayed on a Ramtek Raster Terminal.(c) Surgical planning The nine localisation artefacts on each stereotactic CT slice were read and recorded by the computer, with reference to the centre of the localisation system (Xo, Yo, Zo). A target for the biopsy was chosen on the CT slice, and MRI if available, and similarly read and recorded by the computer with reference to the localising artefacts. The target was then represented in three dimensional space and the computer calculated the X, Y and Z adjustments on the stereotactic frame to place the target into the centre of the stereotactic arc-quadrant. In addition, the target was displayed on the stereotactic DSA and a surgical trajectory determined which avoided vascular structures. An