The reliability of a micro-computer administration of the MMPI

Russell, G. K.; Peace, Kathryn; Mellsop, Graham

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198601)42:1<120::aid-jclp2270420118>3.0.co;2-0

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…None of the booklet-versus-computer test–retest reliability differences in this study was significant. This confirms negative findings produced by the Honaker (1988), Paolo (1987), and White et al (1985) groups in their smaller samples but conflicts with Russell et al's (1986) report that computer administration increases reliability. In any event, the literature unanimously reports that the test–retest reliability of the computerized MMPI equals or exceeds the reliability of the booklet form.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The literature presents unambiguous and consistent findings in only two of these eight areas. First, consumer acceptance has been uniformly higher for computer- than for booklet-administered MMPIs (Bresolin, 1984; Honaker, Harrell, & Buffaloe, 1988; Paolo, 1987; Russell, Peace, & Mellsop, 1986; White, Clements, & Fowler, 1985). Second, Honaker et al (1988) found no significant variance differences across formats; similarly, the number of cases in which the booklet and computer forms' variabilities exceeded one another in the Biskin and Kolotkin (1977); Bresolin (1984); Koson, Kitchen, Kochen, and Stodolosky (1979); Lambert, Andrews, Rylee, and Skinner (1987); Paolo (1987); and White et al (1985) studies are nearly identical by our count (72 vs. 75).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inconsistencies mark the literature in the five other areas. First, smaller sample studies (the articles of Honaker et al [1988], Paolo [1987], Russell et al [1986], and White et al [1985]) report no mean score differences, but larger studies (Biskin & Kolotkin, 1977; Bresolin, 1984; and Lushene, O'Neil, & Dunn, 1974) describe many significantly smaller scores from using the computer than from using the booklet. Additionally, Lambert et al (1987) found larger mean scores under booklet conditions than computer conditions on each of 19 MMPI measures, although none of their differences was significant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparability of computer- and booklet-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories among primarily chemically dependent patients.

Watson¹,

Manifold²,

Klett³

et al. 1990

Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical

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were administered twice to chemically dependent and psychiatric patients to assess the equivalence of booklet-(B) and computer-administered (C) formats. Fifty subjects each were assigned to BC, CB, BB, and CC conditions. The correlations between the formats were high and generally equal to their test-retest coefficients. The formats additionally demonstrated essentially equal scale variances, test-retest reliabilities, and invalid responding rates. In 3 of 4 analyses, computer-based scores underestimated their booklet counterparts slightly but not significantly. Computerized administration was faster and preferred by the subjects. The results support computerized administration, but our data and earlier studies suggest that a slight change in norms may be needed to compensate for its apparent tendency to underestimate booklet-based scores.The authors of the available comparability literature generally conclude that computer-and booklet-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories (MMPIs) yield equivalent scores, but recent reviewers (Ben-Porath & Butcher, 1986;Honaker, 1988) have argued that the equivalence of the two is yet to be established. On close inspection of the literature, it can be seen that equivalence is uncertain and that the computer format's reputed time efficiency is questionable. Equivalence implies that the correlations between formats equal their testretest reliabilities and that they yield similar mean scale scores, variabilities, and profile types. If computerized presentations are to replace the booklet format, they should also equal or improve on the latter's test-retest reliability, proportion of valid profiles, administration time, and consumer acceptance.The literature presents unambiguous and consistent findings in only two of these eight areas. First, consumer acceptance has been uniformly higher for computer-than for booklet-adminis-

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparability of computer- and booklet-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories among primarily chemically dependent patients.

Watson¹,

Manifold²,

Klett³

et al. 1990

Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical

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show abstract

“…Subjects were allowed to complete the MMPI-168 at home to make the intake process more manageable. Although this was an unusual way of administering this instrument, it was justified on the following grounds: (a) that the MMPI has been shown to be reliable and valid with various types of nonstandard administrations (Kendrick & Hatzenbuehler, 1982; Richards, Fine, Wilson, & Rogers, 1983; Russell, Peace, & Mellsop, 1986); (b) that this instrument would be used only for initial screenings, which would pose minimal risk to patients’ welfare; (c) that in a recent survey of 465 therapists, almost one third thought that this was an acceptable practice (Pope, Tabachnick, & Keith-Spiegel, 1987, Item 13 of Table 3); and (d) that it would not affect Type I error significantly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Researching the effects of confidentiality law on patients' self-disclosures.

Taube

Elwork²

1990

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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We hypothesized that conflicting research findings on the effects that confidentiality laws have on patients' self-disclosure reflect the fact that privacy is important only to some patients in some circumstances. Instead of asking whether privacy is always important, we posed the following question: What factors determine whether privacy is important? With 42 outpatients we found that self-disclosures about sensitive issues (e.g., child abuse, drug abuse) during intake were determined partly by how legally informed patients were and partly by how relevant and consequential the law was to their cases.

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“…Items were presented one at a time on a video display, and subjects typed “T” or “F” to indicate true or false. The equivalence of MMPI clinical and validity scale scores from computer and paper-and-pencil administration is well established (Biskin & Kolotkin, 1977; Lambert, Andrews, Rylee, & Skinner, 1987; Russell, Peace, & Mellsop, 1986; White, Clements, & Fowler, 1985). The Lambert et al (1987) study is of particular relevance to this research because it also used substance abusers at this medical center as subjects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMPI differences between alcoholics and drug abusers: Effect of age and race.

Cannon

Bell

Fowler

et al. 1990

Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical

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Inpatients in Veterans Administration substance-abuse treatment programs voluntarily took the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as part of a routine clinical evaluation. The alcohol-dependence-only group (n = 207) were older (M = 49.6 years) and had a higher percentage of White Ss (72.9%) than did either the drug-dependence group (n = 49, M = 32.9 years, Whites = 5 3.1%) or a mixed alcohol-and drug-dependence group (n = 160,M= 35.0 years, Whites = 60.0%). Previously reported differences between alcoholics and drug abusers in depression and psychopathy were obtained when age and race were not used as covariates, but no differences were found when the effects of age and race were statistically controlled. Mixed alcohol and drug abusers had somewhat more pathological MMPI scores than did alcoholics, even when effects due to age and race were partialed out.Previous comparisons of alcoholics and drug abusers on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) have shown that alcoholics have higher levels of anxiety, depression, and somatic concerns and that drug abusers tend to be more psychopathic (Holland, 1977;Kranitz, 1972;Overall, 1973). One methodological problem shared by these studies has been the lack of control for the effect of age on the MMPI. Alcoholics in treatment typically are older than drug abusers in treatment (Keskinen, 1987; cf. Method section), and age is known to be correlated with MMPI scores in both the general psychiatric population (e.g.

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The reliability of a micro-computer administration of the MMPI

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Comparability of computer- and booklet-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories among primarily chemically dependent patients.

Comparability of computer- and booklet-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories among primarily chemically dependent patients.

Researching the effects of confidentiality law on patients' self-disclosures.

MMPI differences between alcoholics and drug abusers: Effect of age and race.

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