The reliability, concurrent validity and association with salivary oxytocin of the self-report version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in adolescents with conduct disorder

Levy, Tomer; Apter, Alan; Djalovski, Amir; Peskin, Miriam; Fennig, Silvana; Gat-Yablonski, Galia; Bar-Maisels, Meytal; Borodkin, Katy; Bloch, Yuval

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.028

Cited by 13 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This study found support for convergent and divergent concurrent validity of the ICU12 when using within-rater measures, as commonly used in previous research on the ICU (Ciucci et al 2014;Fanti et al 2009; Kimonis et al 2008; Pechorro et al 2016a;Pihet et al 2014). The ICU12-P showed convergent validity to parent-reported aggression, rule-breaking behavior and age of onset and divergent validity to parent-reported anxiety, with similar strength of the associations as seen in previous studies (Berg et al 2013;Levy et al 2017). The ICU12-S showed convergent validity to selfreported aggression, delinquency and problematic alcohol use, and divergent validity to self-reported anxiety and punishment sensitivity.…”

Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The low levels of cross-rater agreement observed between parents, adolescents and teachers on the ICU12, were similar to or slightly weaker than those reported in previous studies (Berg et al 2013;Gao and Zhang 2015;Levy et al 2017;Roose et al 2010;White et al 2009). Low levels of parent-child agreement on mental health measures could reflect different responder perspectives (Hemmingsson et al 2016), as observed by differential item functioning across observer-(parent/teacher) and self-report on the ICU (Lin et al 2018).…”

Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitysupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The fact that the concurrent validity of the ICU12 was only partially supported by cross-rater measures, could indicate biases in single rater assessment of CU. While adolescents might underreport, be unaware of or strategically report on a negative character trait like CU (Levy et al 2017), parents and teachers can only infer about the internal states of their child/ student and might thus be unaware or biased in their assessments. In addition, differential item functioning between parent-and self-report suggests that some ICU items are read, interpreted and rated differently by parent and adolescents (Lin et al 2018).…”

Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Multi-Informant Study of the Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Norwegian Adolescents with Behavior Problems

Thøgersen

Elmose

Bjørnebekk

2020

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits (ICU) is a widely used measure of the affective aspects of psychopathy in children and adolescents. Although a 3-bifactor model of the ICU has often been supported, method-variance effects and mixed results for the Unemotional subscale raise concerns. This study applied a multi-informant design to investigate the structural and concurrent validity of the self-, parent-and teacher-versions of the ICU in a Norwegian at-risk adolescent sample (N = 160, female = 46.3%, mean age = 14.73 years, SD = 1.47). Confirmatory Factor Analysis demonstrated method-variance effects of the standard-and reverse-scored items. The best fitting model was the 12-item 2-factor ICU, comprising a Callousness and an Uncaring factor. The scale reliabilities were acceptable with Cronbach alphas ranging from .810 to .906 across respondent groups. Cross-rater reliability was poor, with Intra Class Correlations ranging from .170 to .226. The concurrent validity of the ICU12 was supported by within-rater associations to externalizing problems, aggression, and problematic alcohol use. Crossrater associations of ICU12-scores to self-reported delinquency and lower levels of anxiety, provided additional support for the concurrent validity. The unidimensional ICU12 total score was associated both to delinquency and rule-breaking behavior as observed for the Callousness factor and to lack of anxiety and reduced fear sensitivity as observed for the Uncaring factor. The ICU items aimed at capturing lack of prosocial emotions, seem to need revision. Future research should assess the predictive validity and clinical relevance of unidimensional versus factor models of the ICU.

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Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitysupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Cross-rater Agreement and Concurrent Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Multi-Informant Study of the Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Norwegian Adolescents with Behavior Problems

Thøgersen

Elmose

Bjørnebekk

2020

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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“…This was in contrast to a positive association between CU traits and proactive aggression found in three studies (Li et al, 2017; Raine et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2015). Levy et al (2017) reported mixed findings dependent on informants, namely that teacher-reported CU traits, but not student-reported CU traits, correlated with documented history of antisocial acts. Wang et al (2017) reported that the association between CU traits and conduct problems was no longer significant when other psychopathic traits were controlled for.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Callous-Unemotional Traits Among Children and Adolescents in Asian Cultures: A Systematic Review

Sng

Hawes

Hwang³

et al. 2020

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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Considerable evidence now exists for callous and unemotional (CU) traits as markers for a high-risk pathway to child and adolescent conduct problems implicating unique risk processes and treatment needs, but research has been limited largely to Western countries. We review the evidence base related to CU traits in Asian countries that has emerged in recent years, with respect to four key questions. Specifically, are higher CU traits among Asian children and adolescents associated with (1) increased severity of conduct problems; (2) similar neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive correlates as reported in Western countries; (3) similar environmental risk factors as reported in Western countries; and (4) poorer treatment outcomes? A systematic search identified 28 studies that have reported on child and adolescent CU traits in Asian countries. Consistent with Western samples, CU traits were associated with individual risk factors including atypical neural activation during cognitive tasks and poor empathy, as well as parenting risk factors. CU traits were also positively associated with most measures of conduct problems. Differences from findings in Western samples, however, emerged for areas such as correlates of reactive aggression and delinquent peer influence. Treatment has been investigated in only one study to date and is therefore a high priority for future research. The limitations of existing evidence are addressed along with key directions for future cross-cultural research, including measurement research with children and adolescents.

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“…The hypothalamus is intimately involved as the control center of the brain for autonomic responses and regulation of sex hormones and the secretion of oxytocin, cortisol, and vasopressin into the bloodstream. Low oxytocin levels have been linked with callous-unemotional scores in adolescents ( Levy et al, 2017 ). Supporting this link are other studies indicating that inactivation of the oxytocin receptor by DNA methylation is correlated with an increased risk of callous-unemotional traits ( Cecil et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Neurobiology Of Psychopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathy to Altruism: Neurobiology of the Selfish–Selfless Spectrum

Sonne

Gash

2018

Front. Psychol.

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The age-old philosophical, biological, and social debate over the basic nature of humans as being “universally selfish” or “universally good” continues today highlighting sharply divergent views of natural social order. Here we analyze advances in biology, genetics and neuroscience increasing our understanding of the evolution, features and neurocircuitry of the human brain underlying behavior in the selfish–selfless spectrum. First, we examine evolutionary pressures for selection of altruistic traits in species with protracted periods of dependence on parents and communities for subsistence and acquisition of learned behaviors. Evidence supporting the concept that altruistic potential is a common feature in human populations is developed. To go into greater depth in assessing critical features of the social brain, the two extremes of selfish–selfless behavior, callous unemotional psychopaths and zealous altruists who take extreme measures to help others, are compared on behavioral traits, structural/functional neural features, and the relative contributions of genetic inheritance versus acquired cognitive learning to their mindsets. Evidence from population groups ranging from newborns, adopted children, incarcerated juveniles, twins and mindfulness meditators point to the important role of neuroplasticity and the dopaminergic reward systems in forming and reforming neural circuitry in response to personal experience and cultural influences in determining behavior in the selfish–selfless spectrum. The underlying neural circuitry differs between psychopaths and altruists with emotional processing being profoundly muted in psychopaths and significantly enhanced in altruists. But both groups are characterized by the reward system of the brain shaping behavior. Instead of rigid assignment of human nature as being “universally selfish” or “universally good,” both characterizations are partial truths based on the segments of the selfish–selfless spectrum being examined. In addition, individuals and populations can shift in the behavioral spectrum in response to cognitive therapy and social and cultural experience, and approaches such as mindfulness training for introspection and reward-activating compassion are entering the mainstream of clinical care for managing pain, depression, and stress.

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The reliability, concurrent validity and association with salivary oxytocin of the self-report version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in adolescents with conduct disorder

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

A Multi-Informant Study of the Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Norwegian Adolescents with Behavior Problems

A Multi-Informant Study of the Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of Norwegian Adolescents with Behavior Problems

Callous-Unemotional Traits Among Children and Adolescents in Asian Cultures: A Systematic Review

Psychopathy to Altruism: Neurobiology of the Selfish–Selfless Spectrum

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