The relevance of professionals’ attachment style, expectations and job attitudes for therapeutic relationships with young people who experience psychosis

Abstract

BackgroundTherapeutic relationships are a central component of community treatment for psychosis and thought to influence clinical and social outcomes, yet there is limited research regarding the potential influence of professional characteristics on positive therapeutic relationships in community care. It was hypothesised that professionals’ relating style and attitudes toward their work might be important, and thus this exploratory study modelled associations between these characteristics and therapeutic relationships developed in community psychosis treatment.MethodsDyads of professionals and young patients with psychosis rated their therapeutic relationships with each other. Professionals also completed measures of attachment style, therapeutic optimism, outcome expectancy, and job attitudes regarding working with psychosis.ResultsProfessionals’ anxious attachment predicted less positive professional therapeutic relationship ratings. In exploratory directed path analysis, data also supported indirect effects, whereby anxious professional attachment predicts less positive therapeutic relationships through reduced professional therapeutic optimism and less positive job attitudes.ConclusionsProfessional anxious attachment style is directly associated with the therapeutic relationship in psychosis, and indirectly associated through therapeutic optimism and job attitudes. Thus, intervening in professional characteristics could offer an opportunity to limit the impact of insecure attachment on therapeutic relationships in psychosis.

The relationship between healthcare workers’ attachment styles and patient outcomes: a systematic review

“…Figure 1 summarises the progress of papers through different stages of the review. Thirteen papers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] met criteria for inclusion, and were included in the final analysis ( Table 3 and 4). No randomised controlled trials or cohort studies were found.…”

“Attitudes to voices”: a survey exploring the factors influencing clinicians’ intention to assess distressing voices and attitudes towards working with young people who hear voices

“…To measure clinicians’ attitudes relating to working with people with distressing voices, a 35-item modified version ( McLeod et al, 2002 ) of the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (AAPPQ; Cartwright, 1980 ) was used. The original AAPPQ had been designed to capture therapists’ attitudes toward working with patients who abuse alcohol, and it has been modified ( McLeod et al, 2002 ; Berry and Greenwood, 2016 ) to capture attitudes of mental health professionals to working with people with psychosis. For the purpose of this study, the questionnaire items were amended to refer specifically to voice-hearing.…”