The relevance of drowsiness in the circadian cycle of farm animals

Ruckebusch, Y.

doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(72)80136-2

Cited by 193 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

135

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The predicted maximum time spent lying by pigs found in this study was similar for non-slatted and for slatted floors (about 76% and 78% of the total time, respectively), similar to what was observed by Ruckebusch (1972). Nevertheless, the predicted k 0 -value in the case of non-slatted floors almost doubled that found for slatted floors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…As the behaviour of pigs is directly related to the floor space provided, Gonyou et al (2006) suggested that consistency of behaviour over the range of weights studied should be sought, if any attempt to quantify the relationship between behaviour and space allowance was to be carried out. Earlier studies have shown that piglets spend on average between 40% and 60% of their time resting (Blackshaw, 1981), whereas growingfinishing pigs spend, on average, 80% of their time doing so (Ruckebusch, 1972). By including experiment as a random factor in the model, there should not have been any bias in estimates arising from differences in initial weights in the populations studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time spent resting occupies the majority of the time budget in growing-finishing pigs (Ruckebusch, 1972), and therefore, an adequate lying comfort seems important for their welfare (Tuyttens, 2005). The aforementioned housing factors can compromise the ability of pigs to perform this activity adequately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Quantitative assessment of the effects of space allowance, group size and floor characteristics on the lying behaviour of growing-finishing pigs

Averós

Brossard

Dourmad

et al. 2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To obtain quantitative information that can be later used in animal welfare modelling, the relationship between the lying behaviour of growing-finishing pigs (initial body weight (BW) between 19 and 87 kg) and different factors related to the housing conditions, with a potential negative effect on their welfare, was studied by means of a meta-analytical approach. Data from 22 experiments reported in 21 scientific publications were collected. The space allowance, expressed on an allometric basis by means of a k-value (m 2 /BW 0.667 ), the group size (n) and the floor characteristics (fully and partly slatted v. non-slatted floor), as well as their significant two-way interactions were used as fixed effects, and the experiment was used as a random factor to take into account the interexperiment effect. Further regression analyses were performed on the predicted values of observations in order to improve the adjustment of data. A significant quadratic relationship was established between space allowance ( k-value, P , 0.05; squared k-value, P , 0.01) and the percentage of time spent lying. A significant interaction between the k-value and the floor type was also found ( P , 0.05), showing that the relationship between space allowance and lying behaviour is affected by the presence or absence of slats. Threshold k-values were obtained using broken-line analyses, being about 0.039 for slatted floors and almost double for non-slatted floors. Compared to other studies, these values suggest that the ability to rest as space availability decreases may be compromised before a reduced performance becomes apparent. Group size did not show a significant effect. Additional information should be added to the model, as further data become available, to adjust the proposed parameters as well as to try to include the effect of other important aspects such as that of ambient temperature.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantitative assessment of the effects of space allowance, group size and floor characteristics on the lying behaviour of growing-finishing pigs

Averós

Brossard

Dourmad

et al. 2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ebenso der REM (rapid eye movement) Schlaf mit Traumphasen, der vermutlich der "psychischen" Erholung dient. Für ihn ist beim Pferd die Einnahme der Seitenlage notwendig (RUCKEBUSCH, 1972;DALLAIRE und RUCKEBUSCH, 1974). Nach STEINHART (1937) (KOWNACKI et al, 1978;DUNCAN, 1980 …”

unclassified

Liegeverhalten von Pferden in Gruppenauslaufhaltung

Zeitler-Feicht

Prantner

2000

Arch. Anim. Breed.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryTitel of the paper: Recumbence resting behaviour of horses in loose housing Systems with open yards Recumbence resting behaviour was investigated in 48 horses in four loose housing Systems with open yards subdivided in areas for feeding, recumbence and for free ränge. Continuous observations were made for each loose housing system on three independent days during a 24-hr period. In all housing Systems the horses chose exclusively the area of recumbence to rest in sternal or lateral position. On the one hand the dimension of the area of recumbence influenced we recumbence resting behaviour. In the fourth housing system the insufftcient recumbence area reduced the resting time. At the other hand the time of recumbence was dependent on social rank. The animals wiüi lower rank showed a significant shorter recumbence time than the horses with higher rank. However the frequency of recumbence was similar in all horses independent of stable, social rank and age. The results clearly show, that the dimension of the area of recumbence as the only parameter is not enough to satisfy the demand of recumbence in all horses.Key Words: horses, recumbence resting behaviour, loose housing Systems Zusammenfassung Das Liegeverhalten von 48 Pferden wurde in vier Offenställen mit getrennten Funktionsbereichen für Liegen, Fressen und Auslauf überprüft. Die Beobachtungen erfolgten an drei unabhängigen Tagen je Stall kontinuierlich über den 24-Stunden-Tag. Zum Ruhen in der Bauch-und Seitenlage wurde ausschließlich die mit Stroh eingestreute Liegehalle aufgesucht. Dies zeugt von der zentralen Bedeutung der Liegehalle im Offenstall während der kalten Jahreszeit. Die Liegezeiten der Pferde waren einerseits von der Größe der Liegefläche abhängig. Im Stall mit geringeren Abmessungen als in den Leitlinien zur Pferdehaltung (BMELF, 1995) empfohlen, wurden die kürzesten Liegezeiten festgestellt. Andererseits wurde die Dauer der Liegezeiten entscheidend von der Ranghöhe beeinflußt. Ranghöhere Pferde konnten mehr als doppelt bzw. dreimal so lange in der Bauch-bzw. Seitenlage ruhen als rangniedere. Die Abliegehäufigkeit in einer der beiden Ruhepositionen war unabhängig vom Betrieb, Rang und Alter bei allen Pferden in etwa gleich hoch. Aus den Befunden ist zu schließen, dass nicht alle Pferde in genügendem Maße ihr Ruhe-bzw. Schlafbedürfnis stillen konnten. Neben einer ausreichend groß bemessenen Liegefläche sind weitere Vorkehrungen zu treffen, um in Offenställen ein verhaltensgerechtes Ruhen für alle Pferde zu ermöglichen.

show abstract

“…It remains ambiguous whether the echidna has combined aspects of REM and NREM sleep or no REM sleep because only one study has reported some of the typical characteristics of REM sleep [38] . [39,40] , while the large hairy armadillo usually sleeps 20 h/day [41] . It can also be argued that animals that sleep less would exhibit less REM sleep.…”

Section: Continuedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep alterations in mammals: Did aquatic conditions inhibit rapid eye movement sleep?

Madan

Jha

2012

Neurosci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep has been studied widely in mammals and to some extent in other vertebrates. Higher vertebrates such as birds and mammals have evolved an inimitable rapid eye movement (REM) sleep state. During REM sleep, postural muscles become atonic and the temperature regulating machinery remains suspended. Although REM sleep is present in almost all the terrestrial mammals, the aquatic mammals have either radically reduced or completely eliminated REM sleep.Further, we found a significant negative correlation between REM sleep and the adaptation of the organism to live on land or in water. The amount of REM sleep is highest in terrestrial mammals, significantly reduced in semi-aquatic mammals and completely absent or negligible in aquatic mammals. The aquatic mammals are obligate swimmers and have to surface at regular intervals for air. Also, these animals live in thermally challenging environments, where the conductive heat loss is approximately ~90 times greater than air. Therefore, they have to be moving most of the time. As an adaptation, they have evolved unihemispheric sleep, during which they can rove as well as rest. A condition that immobilizes muscle activity and suspends the thermoregulatory machinery, as happens during REM sleep, is not suitable for these animals. It is possible that, in accord with Darwin's theory, aquatic mammals might have abolished REM sleep with time. In this review, we discuss the possibility of the intrinsic role of aquatic conditions in the elimination of REM sleep in the aquatic mammals.

show abstract

The relevance of drowsiness in the circadian cycle of farm animals

Cited by 193 publications

References 9 publications

Quantitative assessment of the effects of space allowance, group size and floor characteristics on the lying behaviour of growing-finishing pigs

Quantitative assessment of the effects of space allowance, group size and floor characteristics on the lying behaviour of growing-finishing pigs

Liegeverhalten von Pferden in Gruppenauslaufhaltung

Sleep alterations in mammals: Did aquatic conditions inhibit rapid eye movement sleep?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About