The relative survival and cure fraction of gastric cancer estimated through flexible parametric models using data from population‐based cancer registration during 2003‐2012 in Linzhou, China

Abstract

Purpose The proportion of cured gastric cancer patients has drawn the attention of patients, physicians, and healthcare providers after comprehensive prevention and control measures were carried out for several years. Therefore, the relative survival and cure fraction were estimated in our study. Methods Population‐based cancer registration data were used to estimate survival and cure fraction. A total of 7585 gastric cancer cases (ICD10:C16.0 ~ C16.9) were extracted and included in the final analysis. Cases were diagnosed in 2003‐2012 and followed until the end of 2017. Relative survival was calculated as the ratio between the observed survival through the life‐table method. The expected survival was estimated by the Ederer II method. The cure fraction was estimated using flexible parametric cure models stratified by age and calendar period when the cases were diagnosed. Results The 5‐year relative survival of cardia gastric cancer increased with the calendar period of 2003‐2004, 2005‐2006, 2007‐2008, 2009‐2010, and 2011‐2012 (27.5%, 28.3%, 33.5%, 38.2%, and 46.8%, respectively). The increasing trend along with the calendar periods was also observed in cure proportion of cardia gastric cancer (24.8%, 25.2%, 31.7%, 36.0%, and 43.1%, respectively). Notable improvement of cure proportion was observed in the period of 2011‐2012, compared with the initial period of 2003‐2004. There was an improvement of 79.8% among all gastric cancer subjects, and it was 74.1% and 55.7% in cardia gastric and noncardia gastric cancer subjects, respectively. The median survival of “uncured” patients showed no significant improvement along with the calendar periods in all age groups. Conclusions Notable improvement of gastric cancer relative survival and cure proportion was observed in Linzhou during 2003‐2012.

Trends of stomach cancer survival: A systematic review of survival rates from population‐based cancer registration

“…Figures 2-4 show the overall and age-standardized 5-year relative and net survival rates for stomach cancer in Africa, 24 Europe, 4,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Asia, 10,11,13,15,20,28,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] America 4,28,44,45 and Oceania. 4,28 When we compared the data in Figures 2-4, a slight rise of the 5-year relative and net survival rates was detected after age standardization (for example, in Estonia, Czech Republic and Cali in Colombia), although the difference was not striking.…”

“…The highest age-standardized 5-year relative and net survival rates were found in Korea 28,42 and Japan, 5,28 but were fairly poor in Africa 24 and India. 28 Moreover, the 5-year relative and net survival rates in some regions used to be quite low and then improved greatly by the diagnostic year, such as in Qidong (Jiangsu Province), 40 Cixian (Hebei Province), 15,39 Linzhou (Henan Province), 43 Fuzhou (Fujian Province) 38 and Zhongshan (Guangzhou Province) 36,37 in China (Figures 2 and 4A).…”

Survival of cancer patients in Fujian, Southeast China: a population-based cancer registry study

“…There may be two reasons for the difference in relative survival between Fujian Province and China. Firstly, all the 17 registries in Zeng's study had carried out population-based cancer registration and follow-up projects for a long time [20,21]. In these projects, a large number of health education activities had been carried out by governments to improve the level of cancer prevention and treatment for these areas.…”

Spatiotemporal Hotspots of Study Areas in Research of Gastric Cancer in China Based on Web-Crawled Literature

“…Second, compared with provincial- and city- scale studies, county-scale gastric cancer research require fewer resources to acquire experimental data, which gives researchers in county regions more choices and chances to carry out epidemiologic studies on gastric cancer [ 31 , 39 ]. Third, since the 1990s, several typical study sites have been set up in high incidence areas of gastric cancer with the help of the Chinese government, such as Linzhou City and Linqu County [ 40 , 41 ], providing a great deal of epidemiologic data, which support gastric cancer studies in these county regions. However, according to the 2019 China Cancer Report, the age-standardized incidence/mortality rate of gastric cancer in the central region (22.00/10 5 ) is much higher than in the eastern (17.66/10 5 ) and western (15.81/10 5 ) regions of China [ 5 ].…”