The relative locations of the supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental foramina: A cadaveric study

Hester, Kathylin M.; Rahimi, Omid B.; Fry, Constance L.; Nation, Haley

doi:10.1111/joa.13482

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The location of the SOF/SON in relation to the supraorbital margin and the respective cranial points were reported in previous studies [2,3,4,10,13,29]. The different locations of the IOF in relation to the infraorbital margin, borders of the maxilla, and zygomaticomaxillary suture had described in the following studies [1,2,4,6,10,11,17,18,20] as well. Furthermore, researchers had reported variations in the position of the IOF with respect to the upper teeth [15,18,20,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Therefore, many studies have been devoted to assist solve this issue. Different techniques of measurement have been proposed by many authors to determine the topographic and anatomical features of the facial foramina [4,11,12,13,15,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each of these foramina has a speci c anatomical position, shape, and size de ned in many earlier studies [1,3,10,20,26]. In the SOF/SON, IOF, and MF, the corresponding blood vessels and nerves pass supplying the blood and nerve bers to diverse structures of the human face [3,5,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Onashko,

Vovk,

Pauza

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose To estimate the morphometric characteristics of the facial foramina in three facial types according to the upper facial index. Methods The study was conducted on fifty-two dry adult human skulls and 60 computed tomography. Based on the upper facial index all samples were divided into Euryene, Mesene, and Leptene types of face. The distance between middle facial line (MFL) and supraorbital foramen/supraorbital notch (SOF/SON), infraorbital foramen (IOF), and mental foramen (MF) were measured in all types and overall. Indications of the distances between the collateral facial foramina were obtained. In addition, the distances between SOF/SON and IOF, IOF and MF were estimated. The standard statistical analysis was performed. Results In overall, the mean distance SOF/SON-MFL was 19.6 ± 2.4 mm, IOF-MFL 21.9 ± 2.5 mm, and MF-MFL 21.6 ± 2.1 mm. The average distance between the collateral supraorbital foramina was 44.2 ± 6.4 mm, between the infraorbital foramina 47.9 ± 4.2 mm, and 43.6 ± 2.5 mm between the mental foramina, respectively. The distances supraorbital foramen-infraorbital foramen and infraorbital foramen-mental foramen in the present study was found to be 41.5 ± 3.2 mm and 61.2 ± 4.9 mm, respectively. Conclusion The data obtained may be particularly helpful while performing surgical operations, local anaesthesia, or aesthetic procedures in the projection of facial foramina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Onashko,

Vovk,

Pauza

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A study of the position of the SF, IF, and MF relative to the midline in Latin Americans was also conducted in comparison with the position of the above foramens in Europeans. As a result of the study, it was found that among all the studied ethnic groups, SF, IF, MF were at a distance of 25.32 mm, 29.57 mm, and 25.55 mm from the midline, respectively [8]. V. O. Kostiuk and O. M. Slobodian using modern anatomical methods studied the distances between SF, IF, MF and to standard landmarks in fetuses and newborns, due to which they established the average values of the above-mentioned parameters in different age periods [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Craniometric parameters of the spatial position of the supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramens depending on the facial index of the skull of a mature person

et al. 2022

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Due to increase of various operative interventions in the facial region of a mature person, it is expedient to study in detail the spatial position of the foramens of the facial part of the skull. Knowing the exact position of the foramens will help doctors during operations and minimally invasive interventions to prevent damage to the vascular and nerve bundles that pass through these foramens. The purpose of our work is to determine the craniometric characteristics and spatial position of the supraorbital (SF), infraorbital (IF) and mental (MF) foramen, depending on the type of structure of the facial part of the skull. The study was performed on 52 bone specimens of skulls and 60 CT images of adults without damage to the bone structures of the front part of the skull. Statistical methods were used to analyze the obtained measurement results in our research, which was carried out with the help of the Microsoft Excel 2010© licensed program package and with the help of the "STATISTYCA" program. When determining the position of the foramens of the facial part of the skull, first of all, we determined the individual anatomical variability of the facial part of the skull, which has the following extreme types: europrosopics (broad-faced), mesoprosopics (medium-faced), leptoprosopics (long-faced). By dividing the skulls according to the facial index, we determined the width and height of SF, IF and MF, and it was found that their diameter does not depend on the extreme types of the facial part of the skull. With the help of corresponding program, the average, lateral and line between the zy-zy points were constructed on the CT images of the 3-D models of the skulls to determine the position of SF, IF, MF relative to these lines depending on the facial index. The average values obtained were analyzed and it was established that the distance from SF, IF and MF to the median and lateral lines has larger values in europrosopics, intermediate values have mesoprosopics, the smallest results were determined in leptoprosopics. The results of the study of the distances from the above-mentioned foramens to the zy-zy line indicate an increase in their values in leptoprosopics, as opposed to europrosopics. The data we obtained confirm the dependence of the spatial position of the foramens on the type of structure of the facial part of the skull. The obtained data will supplement the craniotopographical characteristics of SF, IF and MF, and also provide a basis for further research of their position depending on the facial index.

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“…During dental procedures, such as cleaning and modeling, doctors must respect the precise working length; otherwise, it could cause damage and/or side effects in the patient. This is mentioned in the study by Hester et al [ 35 ], which states that excessive preparation of the canal and violation of the apical foramen, an opening where blood vessels and nerve endings pass that nourish the dental pulp (soft tissue found inside the tooth), can cause direct physical injury to the mental nerve and paresthesia therein. Consequently, if the doctor does not corroborate the presence of this anatomical variant, and if the patient presents with it, it could cause the damage mentioned above and also cause damage to an accessory branch of the nerve, overestimating the symptoms and complications of the treatment.…”

Section: Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characteristics of the Double Mental Foramen and Its Relevance in Clinical Practice: An Observational Study

Bruna-Mejias,

Nova-Baeza,

Torres-Riquelme

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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The mental foramen (MF) is an opening found bilaterally on the anterolateral aspect of the mandible; it can be round or oval and have different diameters. One of the anatomical variants of the jaw is the presence of an accessory mental foramen (AMF). These are usually smaller than the MF and can be located above, below, or to the sides of the main MF. The objective of this study was to recognize the presence of AMF in dry jaws of the Chilean population and collect information about its clinical relevance reported in the literature. In this descriptive observational study, we have collected dried jaws obtained from three higher education institutions in Santiago de Chile, from the Department of Morphology of the Andrés Bello University, the Normal Human Anatomy Unit of the University of Santiago, and the Human Anatomy pavilion from the Faculty of Medicine of the Finis Terrae University. The samples for this research were obtained by convenience, and the observation of the jaws was carried out in the human anatomy laboratories of each institution by three evaluators independently, and a fourth evaluator was included to validate that each evaluation was correct. The sample for this research came from 260 dry jaws, showing the following findings from the total jaws studied, and to classify as an accessory MF, it will be examined and measured so that it complies with what is declared in the literature as the presence of AMF, which is between 0.74 mm. and 0.89 mm. There were 17 studies included with a sample that fluctuated between 1 and 4000, with a cumulative total of 7946 and an average number of jaws analyzed from the studies of 467.4, showing statistically significant differences between the means with the sample analyzed in this study; p = 0.095. For the cumulative prevalence of the presence of AMF, this was 3.07 in this study, and in the compared studies, the average of AMF was 8.01%, which did not present a statistically significant difference; p = 0.158. Regarding the presence of variants of unilateral AMF, this occurred in five jaws, which is equivalent to 1.84% in the sample of this study, while in previous studies, it was 7.5%, being higher on the left side than on the right. The presence of AMF is a variant with high prevalence if we compare it with other variants of the jaw. Knowledge of the anatomy and position of the AMF is crucial to analyze different scenarios in the face of surgical procedures or conservative treatments of the lower anterior dental region.

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The relative locations of the supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental foramina: A cadaveric study

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Craniometric parameters of the spatial position of the supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramens depending on the facial index of the skull of a mature person

Morphological Characteristics of the Double Mental Foramen and Its Relevance in Clinical Practice: An Observational Study

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