The relative impact of smartwatch and smartphone use while driving on workload, attention, and driving performance

Perlman, D.; Samost, Aubrey; Domel, August G.; Mehler, Bruce

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2018.09.001

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Additional tasks may cause interference effects on lane keeping due to limited updating capacity in older adults (i.e., capacity interference; Son et al, 2011 ; Pettigrew and Martin, 2016 ; Nilsson et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, when additional tasks require similar cognitive and perceptual resources, interference effects (i.e., structural interference) are typically more pronounced (Heuer, 1993 ; Liu and Ou, 2011 ; Stelzel and Schubert, 2011 ; Engstrom et al, 2017 ; Leone et al, 2017 ; Stelzel et al, 2017 ; Wechsler et al, 2018 ; Bohle et al, 2019 ; Perlman et al, 2019 ). Individuals with lower updating capacity hence show higher interference effects on lane keeping during driving when engaging in an additional task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Higher Cardiovascular and Motor Coordinative Fitness on Driving Behavior Are Mediated by Cognitive Functioning: A Path Analysis

Stojan

Kaushal

Bock

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Driving is an important skill for older adults to maintain an independent lifestyle, and to preserve the quality of life. However, the ability to drive safely in older adults can be compromised by age-related cognitive decline. Performing an additional task during driving (e.g., adjusting the radio) increases cognitive demands and thus might additionally impair driving performance. Cognitive functioning has been shown to be positively related to physical activity/fitness such as cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness. As such, a higher fitness level might be associated with higher cognitive resources and may therefore benefit driving performance under dual-task conditions. For the first time, the present study investigated whether this association of physical fitness and cognitive functioning causes an indirect relationship between physical fitness and dual-task driving performance through cognitive functions. Data from 120 healthy older adults (age: 69.56 ± 3.62, 53 female) were analyzed. Participants completed tests on cardiovascular fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity), motor coordinative fitness (composite score: static balance, psychomotor speed, bimanual dexterity), and cognitive functions (updating, inhibition, shifting, cognitive processing speed). Further, they performed a virtual car driving scenario where they additionally engaged in cognitively demanding tasks that were modeled after typical real-life activities during driving (typing or reasoning). Structural equation modeling (path analysis) was used to investigate whether cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness were indirectly associated with lane keeping (i.e., variability in lateral position) and speed control (i.e., average velocity) while dual-task driving via cognitive functions. Both cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness demonstrated the hypothesized indirect effects on dual-task driving. Motor coordinative fitness showed a significant indirect effect on lane keeping, while cardiovascular fitness demonstrated a trend-level indirect effect on speed control. Moreover, both fitness domains were positively related to different cognitive functions (processing speed and/or updating), and cognitive functions (updating or inhibition), in turn, were related to dual-task driving. These findings indicate that cognitive benefits associated with higher fitness may facilitate driving performance. Given that driving with lower cognitive capacity can result in serious consequences, this study emphasizes the importance for older adults to engage in a physically active lifestyle as it might serve as a preventive measure for driving safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Higher Cardiovascular and Motor Coordinative Fitness on Driving Behavior Are Mediated by Cognitive Functioning: A Path Analysis

Stojan

Kaushal

Bock

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A lot of research has already paid attention to the phenomenon of phoning while driving (Yan, Chen, & Yu, ). Recent studies focused on the features of using a smartwatch while driving and comparing these features with the smartphone usage (Perlman et al, ). Smartwatches are able to realize some functions of smart phones and they are more portable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on intelligent wearables: Uses and risks

Xue¹

2019

Human Behav and Emerg Tech

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Intelligent wearable technology is becoming very popular in application fields such as clinical medicine and healthcare, health management, workplaces, education, and scientific research. Using the four‐element model of technological behavior, the first part of this review briefly introduces issues related to the uses of intelligent wearables, including the technologies (i.e., what kind of intelligent wearables are used?), the users (i.e., who use intelligent wearables?), the activities involving the technologies (i.e., in what activities or fields intelligent wearables are used?), and the effects of technology usages (i.e., what benefits intelligent wearables bring?). The second part of this review focuses on the risks of using intelligent wearables. This part summarized five common risks (i.e., privacy risks, safety risks, performance risks, social and psychological risks, and other risks) in the use of intelligent wearables. The review ends with a discussion of future research.

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“…Previous research in the last decade has indicated that driving performance is influenced by several factors. These include driving for prolonged periods, monotonous environments [50][51][52], personality traits, age, executive functions [53], foggy conditions [54], drowsiness [55], a loss of focus [56], mental workload, the demand of the task [57,58], speed [54], and driver distractions, such as alcohol and energy drinks, eating, texting, loud music, mobile phone and smartwatch use, and caffeine [47,[59][60][61][62][63][64]. Although the above studies focused on many important factors that influence driving performance, to date, the effect of safety culture on driving performance has not yet been empirically investigated.…”

Section: Driving Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Safety Culture Implementation on Driving Performance among Oil and Gas Tanker Drivers: A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) Approach

et al. 2021

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This research aims to develop a safety culture model by investigating the relationship between safety culture and driving performance. In previous studies, safety culture has been one of the factors that determine safety issues. These issues were then contextually transformed via a pilot study and organized in the form of a theoretical model. The data were collected from 307 oil and gas tanker drivers in Malaysia through questionnaire surveys. Consequently, structural equation models of partial least squares (PLS-SEM) were applied to statistically assess the final model of this study. The results showed that the implementation of safety culture contributes to driving performance at a substantial level; there is a strong association with an effect of 67.3%. The findings of this research would serve as a benchmark for decision-makers in the oil and gas transportation sector, as promoting an awareness of safety culture should boost the efficiency of drivers. This research fills a gap in knowledge by identifying that positive safety culture practices and mindset are direct antecedents for the improvement of driver performance and, thus, the avoidance of road accidents.

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The relative impact of smartwatch and smartphone use while driving on workload, attention, and driving performance

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Benefits of Higher Cardiovascular and Motor Coordinative Fitness on Driving Behavior Are Mediated by Cognitive Functioning: A Path Analysis

Benefits of Higher Cardiovascular and Motor Coordinative Fitness on Driving Behavior Are Mediated by Cognitive Functioning: A Path Analysis

A review on intelligent wearables: Uses and risks

Impact of Safety Culture Implementation on Driving Performance among Oil and Gas Tanker Drivers: A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) Approach

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