The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

Tomiyama, Hirofumi; Matsumoto, Chisa; Yamada, Jiko; Teramoto, Takanori; Abe, Keiichi; Ohta, Hiromi; Kiso, Yoshinobu; Kawauchi, Takashi; Yamashina, Akira

doi:10.1291/hypres.31.2019

Cited by 78 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…17) However, A-mode imaging by current ultrasonography devices (which also allow simultaneous monitoring of the appropriate transducer position by B-mode imaging) allows the aforementioned lower reproducibility to be overcome: the variation coefficient of the results of B-mode imaging reported by Donald, et al was 8.6%, 17) whereas that of A-mode imaging in our previous study was 11.2%. 18) The usefulness of the multimarker approach to assess the risk for cardiovascular disease, including the measurement of not only the biochemical markers, but also of the physiological and proteomic biomarkers, has not yet been clarified. FMD is a marker of endothelial function, an early-stage abnormality in atherosclerosis, and is especially related to endothelial NO bioavailability, which in turn has pivotal roles in vascular and organ protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multicenter Study Design to Assess the Clinical Usefulness of Semi-Automatic Measurement of Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation of the Brachial Artery

et al. 2012

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SummaryFlow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery (FMD) is a marker which is related to endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability. Commercially available ultrasound machines equipped with online computer-assisted semi-automatic analysis software to measure FMD have recently become available in Japan. These devices enable more convenient examination, enhanced reproducibility of FMD measurement, and a shortened examination time. Using such devices, in the present multicenter prospective study we propose to: 1) establish standardized FMD values and determine the annual rates of FMD change in healthy subjects; 2) confirm the predictive value of FMD for future cardiovascular events in Japanese subjects; 3) evaluate the potential usefulness of a multimarker strategy, including measurements of FMD, pulsewave velocity (PWV), ankle-brachial pressure index, biochemical markers, and proteomic biomarkers obtained by mass spectroscopic analysis to assess the prognosis of subjects with coronary artery disease; and 4) clarify the usefulness of FMD measurement to predict the rate of progression of carotid atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness and microalbuminuria in subjects with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. In total, we estimate that approximately 4000 Japanese subjects in 3 different study groups will eventually be enrolled in this prospective observational investigation. We anticipate that the present study will provide important evidence for the usefulness of FMD measurement in the risk stratification for cardiovascular disease. (Int Heart J 2012; 53: 170-175)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multicenter Study Design to Assess the Clinical Usefulness of Semi-Automatic Measurement of Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation of the Brachial Artery

et al. 2012

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“…Regarding the reproducibility of the measurement of FMD using this system, its correlation coefficient between two examinations was reported to be 0.86 with a coefficient of variance (CV) of 11.2% 18) . In brief, the diameter of the brachial artery at rest was measured in the assessment of these markers using ultrasonography is non-invasive and cost-effective, the precision and reliability of the method are questionable, and the method is technically complex 5) .…”

Section: Measurement Of Fmd and Nmd Using A Novel Ultrasound Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Dysfunction with Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Vascular Complications, and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Kawano

Emoto

Mori

et al. 2012

JAT

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Aim: Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are mainly caused by the dysfunction of arterial components, namely, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and the extracellular matrix. Endothelial dysfunction is well established as a predictive surrogate marker of cardiovascular events; however, little is known regarding the clinical implications of vascular smooth muscle dysfunction for cardiovascular disease and microangiopathy. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the association of arterial dysfunction with micro-/macroangiopathy and conventional cardiovascular risk factors in 181 type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM; age±SD, 64±10 years; duration of diabetes, 12±10 years). Methods: Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation (NMD) were assessed to evaluate endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction, respectively, by using a novel ultrasound device, UNEXEF18G (Unex Co. Ltd., Japan). Results: The FMD and NMD were 6.4±3.9% and 13.4±6.6%, respectively. No significant differences in FMD were noted between T2DM with and without micro-or macroangiopathy; however, NMD in T2DM patients with micro-and macroangiopathy was significantly lower than that in T2DM patients without angiopathy. NMD decreased with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage (p = 0.005), but not FMD (p = 0.071). On multiple regression analysis, significant independent contributors to FMD were age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, and serum total cholesterol, while those for NMD were age, systolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. Conclusion: The relationship of vascular complications and cardiovascular risk factors with NMD is different from that with FMD in type 2 diabetic patients.

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“…Studies using edge detection software to estimate FMD have reported intersession coefficients of variation of approximately 11-18% 101,106,107) . Traditionally, end-diastolic diameters were used to calculate FMD because: 1) FMD measurements that incorporate nonend-diastolic diameters may introduce measurement errors due to fixed vessel structural issues, and 2) prior to the advent of automated image analysis software, mean diameter measurements were beyond the technical capabilities of most research units.…”

Section: Automated Diameter Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ultrasound for Non-Invasive Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilation

Stoner

Sabatier

2012

JAT

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The pathological complications of atherosclerosis, namely heart attacks and strokes, remain the leading cause of mortality in the Western world. Preceding atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction. There is therefore interest in the application of non-invasive clinical tools to assess endothelial function. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) test is the standard tool used to assess endothelial function. Reduced FMD is an early marker of atherosclerosis and has been noted for its capacity to predict future cardiovascular disease events. This review discusses the measurement of endothelial function using ultrasound, with a focus on the FMD technique.

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The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

A Multicenter Study Design to Assess the Clinical Usefulness of Semi-Automatic Measurement of Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation of the Brachial Artery

A Multicenter Study Design to Assess the Clinical Usefulness of Semi-Automatic Measurement of Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation of the Brachial Artery

Association of Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Dysfunction with Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Vascular Complications, and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Use of Ultrasound for Non-Invasive Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilation

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