The Relationships among Microelement Composition of Reindeer Meat (Rangifer tarandus) and Adaptation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis based on PRISMA statements aimed to summarise the data on the chemical composition of reindeer meat depending on the region of the Rangifer tarandus. We searched SCOPUS, PubMed, Embase, CrossRef, Medline, Cochrane library, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka. A total of 3310 records published between January 1980 and December 2021 were screened. We identified 34 relevant studies conducted in Russia, Norway, the USA, Canada, and Finland for the synthesis. Overall, the consumption of reindeer meat reduces arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis due to many polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic) and vitamin C, which balances lipid fractions. Venison is an effective means of preventing obesity and adapting to cold due to the content of a complete set of essential trace elements, amino acids, and even L-carnitine. The high content of vitamin C and microelements (iron, zinc, copper) in reindeer meat is likely to increase the body’s antioxidant defence against free radicals and help prevent chronic non-infectious diseases. Thus, venison is an essential component of the adaptation mechanism for the Arctic population.

Challenges of Changing Water Sources for Human Wellbeing in the Arctic Zone of Western Siberia

“…The shortage of Ca [119] and K [120][121][122] in the water also impacts the reduction of cardiovascular diseases. Consuming local fish and venison can compensate for the shortage of Ca, Mg, K, Cu, etc., [41,42], which is limited in the drinking water in the YNAO and contributes to decreasing health risks.…”

“…These micronutrients play a central role in the regulation of blood pressure [40]. Long-term intake of ultra-fresh water does not affect human health if a significant amount of local fish and venison is consumed [41], as this is beneficial due to containing sufficient amounts of the trace elements lacking in pure water [42].…”

The Multifaceted Nature of Food and Nutrition Insecurity around the World and Foodservice Business

“…Regarding the review papers included in this Special Issue, two investigations can be found that address the following themes: the evaluation of the relationship between negative affect and maladaptive eating behavior as a regulation strategy in normal-weight individuals [9] and a summary of the data on the chemical composition of reindeer meat depending on the region of the Rangifer tarandus-a systematic review and meta-analysis [10].…”

Strengthening Collaboration of the Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Arctic: Adaptation in the COVID-19 Pandemic Times

“…, many experts mentioned the previous fruitful experience of the collaboration with researchers while participating in joint projects with the YNAO Arctic Scientific Research Centre, Association of Reindeer Herders in YNAO, Naryan-Mar Agriculture Research Station, N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Centre "Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences", and Northern Arctic Federal University. For example, those that resulted in jointly developed strategies for the Lovozero district and Loparskaya, different districts of YNAO and NAO[98], such as recommendations for reindeer herders and producers of reindeer meat[99,100] and developed programmes on promoting healthcare facilities for the Indigenous communities[101], etc. It signifies scientific research has a role in "providing authorities with methodologies and data for quick response to changes in the living standards and life strategies of the Indigenous population"[102] (p. 2888).…”