The relationship of total dissolved solids measurements to bulk electrical conductivity in an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbon

Atekwana, Eliot A.; Atekwana, Estella A.; Rowe, Rebecca S.; Werkema, D. Dale; Legall, Franklyn D.

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.08.003

Cited by 83 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The increase in ionic conductivity observed during 2011 suggests enhanced degradation of organic compounds (Routh et al, 2001; Atekwana et al, 2004). The BDP region has always been strongly influenced by monsoon, recharge of surface water and in situ microbial processes, which contribute to the increase of DOC (Ghosh et al, 2014) and ionic conductivity in groundwater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of arsenite oxidizing bacterial communities in arsenic-rich deltaic aquifers in West Bengal, India

Ghosh¹,

Bhadury²,

Routh³

2014

Front. Microbiol.

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High arsenic (As) concentration in groundwater has affected human health, particularly in South-East Asia putting millions of people at risk. Biogeochemical cycling of As carried out by different bacterial groups are suggested to control the As fluxes in aquifers. A functional diversity approach in link with As precipitation was adopted to study bacterial community structures and their variation within the As contaminated Bengal Delta Plain (BDP) aquifers of India. Groundwater samples collected from two shallow aquifers in Karimpur II (West Bengal, India), during years 2010 and 2011, were investigated to trace the effects immediately after monsoon period (precipitation) on community structure and diversity of bacterial assemblages with a focus on arsenite oxidizing bacterial phyla for two successive years. The study focused on amplification, clone library generation and sequencing of the arsenite oxidase large sub-unit gene aioA and 16S rRNA marker, with respect to changes in elemental concentrations. New set of primers were designed to amplify the aioA gene as a phylogenetic marker to study taxonomically diverse arsenite oxidizing bacterial groups in these aquifers. The overall narrow distribution of bacterial communities based on aioA and 16S rRNA sequences observed was due to poor nutrient status and anoxic conditions in these As contaminated aquifers. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum detected, within which Acidovorax, Hydrogenophaga, Albidiferax, Bosea, and Polymorphum were the major arsenite oxidizing bacterial genera based on the number of clones sequenced. The structure of bacterial assemblages including those of arsenite oxidizing bacteria seems to have been affected by increase in major elemental concentrations (e.g., As, Fe, S, and Si) within two sampling sessions, which was supported by statistical analyses. One of the significant findings of this study is detection of novel lineages of 16S rRNA-like bacterial sequences indicating presence of indigenous bacterial communities BDP wells that can play important role in biogeochemical cycling of elements including As.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of arsenite oxidizing bacterial communities in arsenic-rich deltaic aquifers in West Bengal, India

Ghosh¹,

Bhadury²,

Routh³

2014

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Based on the well-known relationship of TDS to electrical conductivity (EC) and a study by Atekwana et al (2004), which showed a strong correlation between TDS and EC in an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbons, this study proposed EC as a surrogate for elevated TDS that would be expected if produced fluids contaminate low-TDS fresh water. TDS contamination itself is not of concern but this would be an indication of produced fluid intrusion into the aquifer, including potentially hazardous compounds associated with it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time surrogate analysis for potential oil and gas contamination of drinking water resources

Son

Carlson

2014

Appl Water Sci

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Public concerns related to the fast-growing shale oil and gas industry have increased during recent years. The major concern regarding shale gas production is the potential of fracturing fluids being injected into the well or produced fluids flowing out of the well to contaminate drinking water resources such as surface water and groundwater. Fracturing fluids contain high total dissolved solids (TDS); thus, changes in TDS concentrations in groundwater might indicate influences of fracturing fluids. An increase of methane concentrations in groundwater could also potentially be due to hydraulic fracturing activities. To understand the possible contamination of groundwater by fracturing activities, real-time groundwater monitoring is being implemented in the Denver-Julesburg basin of northeast Colorado. A strategy of monitoring of surrogate parameters was chosen instead of measuring potential contaminants directly, an approach that is not cost effective or operationally practical. Contaminant surrogates of TDS and dissolved methane were proposed in this study, and were tested for correlation and data distribution with laboratory experiments. Correlations between TDS and electrical conductivity (EC), and between methane contamination and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) were strong at low concentrations of contaminants (1 mg/L TDS and 0.3 mg/L CH 4 ). Dissolved oxygen (DO) was only an effective surrogate at higher methane concentrations (C2.5 mg/L). The results indicated that EC and ORP are effective surrogates for detecting concentration changes of TDS and methane, respectively, and that a strategy of monitoring for easy to measure parameters can be effective detecting real-time, anomalous behavior relative to a predetermined baseline.

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“…To investigate whether bulk conductivity increase measured at field sites contaminated by hydrocarbon was due to biodegradation, Atekwana et al (2004a) used dc resistivity to investigate changes in electrical conductivity during biodegradation in a column experiment ( Figure 6). The experimental columns were designed to simulate typical field conditions with a water saturated zone, a transition zone, and a vadose zone.…”

Section: Direct Current Resistivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeophysics: The Effects of Microbial Processes on Geophysical Properties of the Shallow Subsurface

Atekwana¹,

Werkema²,

Atekwana³

Applied Hydrogeophysics

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The relationship of total dissolved solids measurements to bulk electrical conductivity in an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbon

Cited by 83 publications

References 28 publications

Diversity of arsenite oxidizing bacterial communities in arsenic-rich deltaic aquifers in West Bengal, India

Diversity of arsenite oxidizing bacterial communities in arsenic-rich deltaic aquifers in West Bengal, India

Real-time surrogate analysis for potential oil and gas contamination of drinking water resources

Biogeophysics: The Effects of Microbial Processes on Geophysical Properties of the Shallow Subsurface

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