The Relationship of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition

Smith, Billy L.; McChristian, Chrystal L.; Smith, Teresa D.; Meaux, Julie B.

doi:10.2466/pms.109.1.30-40

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the current findings do make intuitive sense from the standpoint that both the WISC-IV and the RIAS were normed on large nationally stratified samples, their indexes and IQs are standardized and age corrected, and their verbal (VIX/VCI) and nonverbal (NIX/PRI) indexes assess conceptually similar constructs. Furthermore, the nonverbal measures from both tests were designed to minimize need for visuomotor and processing speed and motor coordination, which may have accounted for differences when the RIAS was compared to the WAIS-III in samples with LDs and ADHD (Smith et al, 2009;Umphress, 2008). Edwards and Paulin suggest that the generalizability of their results was limited by a relatively small sample size, and the same can be said for our findings in that they were based on groups containing 34 subjects each.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…For all of these comparisons, covarying out the effects of time between injury and evaluation did not appreciably alter the results. Also, prior studies reported high correlations between RIAS and Wechsler indexes and IQs (Edwards & Paulin, 2007;Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2003;Smith et al, 2009;Umphress, 2008), further supporting the comparability of the IQ and index scores produced by these tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Because these abilities are often adversely impacted by brain dysfunction, lower scores are expected for the WAIS-III than for the RIAS. Similarly, a lack of difference between the RIAS verbal measures and the WAIS-III VCI and VIQ is expected because ostensibly, these measures assess similar constructs (Smith et al, 2009;Umphress, 2008). However, differences between the RIAS and WISC-IV scores reported by Edwards and Paulin (2007) are surprising, given that like the RIAS, the WISC-IV PRI was developed to decrease visuomotor and processing speed requirements and should thus be more like the RIAS NIX than comparable indexes and IQs from prior versions of the WISC and the WAIS-III.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A number of studies have also examined the RIAS in children and adults with LDs, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and low Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ; Edwards & Paulin, 2007;Smith, McChristian, Smith, & Meaux, 2009;Umphress, 2008). For 81 college students with an LD, ADHD, or a combination of the two, the RIAS Composite Intelligence Index (CIX) was found to be significantly higher than the WAIS-III FSIQ, and the RIAS Nonverbal Intelligence Index (NIX) was significantly higher than the WAIS-III Performance IQ (PIQ) and Perceptual Organization Index (POI).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity of the RIAS for Assessing Children With Traumatic Brain Injury: Sensitivity to TBI and Comparability to the WISC-III and WISC-IV

Allen

Stolberg

Thaler

et al. 2012

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

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Intelligence tests are commonly administered to children following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) is a recently developed measure of intellectual ability that has a number of appealing features for assessing individuals with brain damage, but as yet has little validity information when applied to children with TBI or other forms of brain injury. It is therefore unclear whether RIAS scores are sensitive to brain injury and how they compare to older more well-established tests such as the Wechsler scales. The current article reports two studies that examine these matters in youth with TBI. The first study examined sensitivity of the RIAS to TBI in 110 children. Results indicated the TBI sample performed significantly worse compared with the standardization sample on all RIAS index scores. The second study included 102 children who were administered either the RIAS, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III), or WISC-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV; 34 children in each group). Comparisons among the RIAS, WISC-III, and WISC-IV groups indicated no significant differences among the measures on verbal, nonverbal, and Composite Index/Full-Scale IQs. Results provide support for the sensitivity of the RIAS to TBI in children and also suggest that IQs produced by the RIAS, WISC-III, and WISC-IV do not significantly vary from one test to the other, which is particularly true of the verbal and Composite Index/Full-Scale IQs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Validity of the RIAS for Assessing Children With Traumatic Brain Injury: Sensitivity to TBI and Comparability to the WISC-III and WISC-IV

Allen

Stolberg

Thaler

et al. 2012

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…RIAS were selected for their short administration time (30-40 min) and the possibility of applying the same test to all participants, since RIAS are normed in the ages from 3 to 94 years. RIAS constitute a valid test of intelligence and memory with adequate correlation with Wechsler's Intelligence Scale for Children and Wechsler's Adult Intelligence Scale (27,28).…”

Section: At Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Cognitive Implications of Intrauterine Hyperglycemia in Adolescent Offspring of Women With Type 1 Diabetes (the EPICOM Study)

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVEExposure to maternal diabetes in utero may have a negative impact on the developing brain. The objective was to examine long-term cognitive consequences of intrauterine hyperglycemia in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes and to ascertain a possible association with maternal HbA 1c . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSOffspring of a prospectively followed cohort of women with type 1 diabetes (n = 277) participated in a follow-up examination at the age of 13-19 years. A control group from the background population was identified (n = 301). Cognitive function was evaluated using Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales and classified into indices of composite intelligence, verbal and nonverbal intelligence, and composite memory. Frequencies of reading and writing problems and attendance to classes for children with learning difficulties were assessed. RESULTSOffspring of women with type 1 diabetes scored lower in all normalized and standardized intelligence indices compared with controls: composite intelligence (95.7 vs. 100, P = 0.001), verbal intelligence (96.2 vs. 100, P = 0.004), nonverbal intelligence (96.4 vs. 100, P = 0.008), and composite memory (95.7 vs. 100, P = 0.001). A higher frequency of diabetes-exposed offspring had parent-reported learning difficulties in primary school. Differences between groups remained after adjustment for confounders and potential mediators. We found no direct association between maternal HbA 1c and offspring cognitive function in the exposed group. CONCLUSIONSAdolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes had lower cognitive function compared with a control group, also after adjustment for confounders and potential mediators. These differences may reflect direct harmful effects of maternal diabetes on neurodevelopment in the offspring.

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Examination of the structural, convergent, and incremental validity of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) with a clinical sample.

Nelson¹,

Canivez²

2012

Psychological Assessment

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Empirical examination of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS; C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 2003a) has produced mixed results regarding its internal structure and convergent validity. Various aspects of validity of RIAS scores with a sample (N = 521) of adolescents and adults seeking psychological evaluations at a university-based clinic were examined. Results from exploratory factor analysis indicated only 1 factor, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the 1-factor model was a good fit and a better fit than the 2-factor model. Hierarchical factor analysis indicated the higher order, general intelligence factor accounted for the largest amount of variance. Correlations with other measures of verbal/crystallized and nonverbal/fluid intelligence were supportive of the convergent validity of the Verbal Intelligence Index but not the Nonverbal Intelligence Index. Joint CFA with these additional measures resulted in a superior fit of the 2-factor model compared with the 1-factor model, although the Odd-Item-Out subtest was found to be a poor measure of nonverbal/fluid intelligence. Incremental validity analyses indicated that the Composite Intelligence Index explained a medium to large portion of academic achievement variance; the NIX and VIX explained a small amount of remaining variance. Implications regarding interpretation of the RIAS when assessing similar individuals are discussed.

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The Relationship of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Validity of the RIAS for Assessing Children With Traumatic Brain Injury: Sensitivity to TBI and Comparability to the WISC-III and WISC-IV

Validity of the RIAS for Assessing Children With Traumatic Brain Injury: Sensitivity to TBI and Comparability to the WISC-III and WISC-IV

Long-term Cognitive Implications of Intrauterine Hyperglycemia in Adolescent Offspring of Women With Type 1 Diabetes (the EPICOM Study)

Examination of the structural, convergent, and incremental validity of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) with a clinical sample.

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