The relationship of surface roughness and wettability of 316L stainless steel implants with plastic deformation mechanisms

Modulating the Surface Properties of Metallic Implants and the Response of Breast Cancer Cells by Surface Relief Induced via Bulk Plastic Deformation

“…The observed increase of surface wettability in parallel with surface roughness can be explained further with Wenzel's equation (cosθ w = r . cosθ young ; where r, θ w , and θ young are roughness factor, apparent Wenzel contact angle, and Young contact angle, respectively) (Rupp et al, 2014;Cicek et al, 2019). Considering the θ w of 58.07 • , and θ young of 84.28 • , r can be predicted as 5.3, which is the ratio between the actual and projected surface area.…”

“…The specimens investigated in the current study were 304L grade stainless steels with the elemental composition of Fe balance-0.029C-18.414Cr-8.314Ni-1.044Mn-0.091Mo-0.369Si-0.022P-0.023S-0.416Cu (in weight%). Dog bone-shaped tensile test specimens with the technical drawing explained elsewhere (Cicek et al, 2019) were obtained by laser cutting. These samples were subjected to interrupted tensile tests (AGS-X 10kN; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) up to the engineering strains of 5, 15, 25, and 35% with the strain rate of 10 −4 s −1 .…”

“…Modification of these aforementioned surface properties can be utilized to trigger specific molecular reactions controlling the adhesion, proliferation, or differentiation behavior of the cells (Ventre et al, 2012;Barthes et al, 2014;Huo et al, 2017;Raines et al, 2019). For instance, microscale textured surfaces can regulate the expression of integrin, which is a transmembrane receptor protein enabling cell adhesion on the metal surface (Raines et al, 2019), or hydrophilic surfaces (contact angle <90 • ) can promote enhanced cell response via promoting the deposition of focal adhesion proteins (Ponsonnet et al, 2003;Ranella et al, 2010;Bauer et al, 2013;Rupp et al, 2014;Cicek et al, 2019). Surface properties obviously play a crucial role in cell adhesion, and in order to reveal their cumulative effects, more thorough analyses are required.…”

“…Recently, simple bulk plastic deformation methods (e.g., tension or compression tests) have been utilized to impart micro/nanoscale topography on the metal surface (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016Nune et al, 2018). These studies showed that texture reflecting the activated strengthening mechanisms, namely, surface relief, can alter surface topography significantly (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016;Cicek et al, 2019). Specifically, markings produced by twinning or slip are shown to form groove-or step-like surface topographical features that can increase surface roughness and provide ideal sites for the deposition of focal adhesion proteins (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Uzer et al, 2016.…”

Hydrophobic and antibacterial properties of laser micromachined steel surfaces

“…Hydrophobic surfaces have a wide range of applications, e.g., anti-icing surfaces of airplane wings, easily washable surfaces, surfaces of medical equipment, etc. [3,4]. In terms of the process of contact angle measuring, there are several different methods (e.g., sliding angle measurement, the CA hysteresis measurement, the static contact angle measurement, Wilhelmy balance method, etc.).…”