The Relationship of Substance Use to Sexual Activity Among Young Adults in the United States

Graves, Karen; Leigh, Barbara C.

doi:10.2307/2135972

Cited by 135 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These results echo other findings elucidating adolescents' reasons for condom non-use 36 but are notably contrary to those from previous quantitative studies of adolescents, which indicate no association between condom use and substance use at last sex. 37,38 Lack of consistency between present findings and this previous work may be indicative of major differences in sampling and data collection methods, or it may a consequence of previous studies assessing solely risk at last sex. More research is needed to better elucidate the associations between substance use and sexual risk among adolescent male perpetrators of dating violence.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Social Norms and Beliefs Regarding Sexual Risk and Pregnancy Involvement among Adolescent Males Treated for Dating Violence Perpetration

et al. 2006

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The present study explored perceived sexual norms and behaviors related to sexual risk and pregnancy involvement among adolescent males (ages 13 to 20) participating in programs for perpetrators of dating violence. The purpose of this study was to generate hypotheses regarding the contexts and mechanisms underlying the intersection of adolescent dating violence, sexual risk and pregnancy. Six focus groups were conducted (N = 34 participants). A number of major themes emerged: 1) male norm of multiple partnering, 2) perceived gain of male social status from claims of sexual activity, 3) perception that rape is uncommon combined with belief that girls claiming to be raped are liars, 4) perception that men rationalize rapes to avoid responsibility, 5) condom non-use in the context of rape and sex involving substance use, 6) beliefs that girls lie and manipulate boys in order to become pregnant and trap them into relationships, and 7) male avoidance of responsibility and negative responses to pregnancy. The combination of peer-supported norms of male multiple partnering and adversarial sexual beliefs appear to support increased male sexual risk, lack of accountability for sexual risk, and rationalization of rape and negative responses to pregnancy. Further research focused on the context of male sexual risk and abusive relationship behaviors is needed to inform intervention with young men to promote sexual health and prevent rape, dating violence, and adolescent pregnancy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Social Norms and Beliefs Regarding Sexual Risk and Pregnancy Involvement among Adolescent Males Treated for Dating Violence Perpetration

et al. 2006

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“…Gold et al (1992) found that the level of intoxication reported on two different sexual encounters was associated with whether the respondent had engaged in unprotected sex during those encounters. Graves and Leigh (1995) found no significant relationship between intoxication and unprotected sex when they compared the proportion of unprotected sexual encounters under the influence of alcohol vs. those without alcohol, even though they noted a global association between heavy-drinking and unprotected sex. In a probability sample of the adult household population of a county in the San Francisco Bay Area, Temple and Leigh (1992) reported that drinking at the most recent reported sex encounter was either not related to unprotected sex (among women) or was associated with a decreased likelihood of unprotected sex (among men).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Alcohol and HIV sexual risk behaviors among injection drug users

Arasteh

Jarlais

Perlis

2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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We analyzed data from 6,341 injection drug users (IDUs) entering detoxification or methadone maintenance treatment in New York City between 1990 and to test the hypothesis that alcohol use and intoxication is associated with increased HIV sexual risk behaviors. Two types of associations were assessed: 1) a global association (i.e., the relationship between HIV sexual risk behaviors during the six months prior to the interview and at-risk drinking in that period, defined as more than 14 drinks per week for males or 7 drinks per week for females), and 2) an event-specific association (i.e., the relationship between HIV sexual risk behaviors during the most recent sex episode and alcohol intoxication during that episode). Sexual risk behaviors included multiple sex partners and engaging in unprotected sex. After adjusting for the effects of other variables, at-riskdrinkers were more likely to report multiple sex partners and engaging in unprotected sex with casual sex partners (both global associations). IDUs who reported both they and their casual partners were intoxicated during the most recent sex episode were more likely to engage in unprotected sex (an event-specific association). We also observed two significant interactions. Among IDUs who did not inject cocaine, moderate-drinkers were more likely to report multiple partners. Among self-reported HIV seropositive IDUs, when both primary partners were intoxicated during the most recent sex episode they were more likely to engage in unprotected sex. These observations indicate both global and event-specific associations of alcohol and HIV sexual-risk behaviors. KeywordsAlcohol; HIV; sexual risk behaviors 1.IntroductionDrug users are at a greater risk of HIV infection than the general population (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, 2004; CDC, 2003;Deren et al., 2004;Holmberg, 1996). The increased risk due to sharing contaminated needles and other injection equipment among injection drug users (IDUs) seems more obvious and has been well documented (CDC, 1982;Fauci, 1986). Moreover, after accounting for injection risk, sexual risk behaviors have been found to be related to HIV infection (Strathdee et al., 2001), and IDUs with sexual risk behaviors have a higher likelihood of HIV infection (Kral et al., 2001 Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Alcohol consumption has also been associated with increased sexual risk (Bryant, 2006;Parker et al. 1994;Stall et al., 1986), as well as injection risk behaviors (Saxon and Calsyn, 1992). NIH Public AccessResults from the General Social Survey indicate ...

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“…Drug use is a determinant of high-risk behavior and infection, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] and substantial proportions of the US prison population report a history of heavy drug and alcohol use. 48 The effect of incarceration on STI/HIV risk may differ by drug use status.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%