The Relationship of Psychological Distress and Framingham Score in Population at Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Malang, Indonesia

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between psychological distress and CHD risk in the next ten years. Methodology: This research was a cross-sectional study carried out on 73 participants in Malang City, Indonesia, from December 2019 to January 2020. The psychological distress assessment was carried out using the DASS 42 instrument. Meanwhile, the assessment of CHD risk was carried out using the Framingham score instrument. Data analysis used the Spearmen Rank Analysis in the SPSS version 16.0 software with a level of significance at p ≤0.05. Results: Most participants had normal psychological distress (56.2%) and a low Framingham score (75.3%). Spearmen correlation between psychological distress and Framingham scores showed a coefficient value of 0.177 with a p-value of 0.134 (p>0.05). This study showed that there was a positive but not significant relationship between psychological distress and Framingham scores. Conclusion: This study shows that psychological distress influences the risk of developing CHD 10 years later. Psychological conditions that are not good can affect physical conditions as well as cardiovascular health. This can provide new insights into the importance of paying attention to a psychological condition. Keywords: cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, Framingham risk score, psychological distress, the risk factor