The relationship of food addiction with binge eating disorder and obesity: A network analysis study

Carbone, Elvira Anna; Aloi, Matteo; Rania, Marianna; de Filippis, Renato; Quirino, Daria; Fiorentino, Teresa Vanessa; Segura-Garcia, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.107037

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Hyper-processed palatable foods constitute the vast majority of energy intake during binge-eating episodes, and higher scores of hyper-processed food consumption are strongly correlated with increased chances of developing BEDs [ 22 ]. As for BEDs, food addiction is linked to greater reward sensitivity, greater food cravings, and hyper-responsiveness to HPFs [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Motivations to Eat Palatable Foods: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS-IT)

Pietrabissa,

Castelnuovo,

Semonella

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Background: Gaining knowledge of the various reasons behind people’s consumption of highly processed foods has the potential to enhance obesity prevention initiatives and open avenues to tailor treatment approaches for obesity and binge eating at a more personalized level. This contribution aimed to test the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS-IT) in a community sample of Italian adults. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the factor structure of the Italian version of the PEMS (PEMS-IT) on a total of 616 respondents. Furthermore, the reliability and convergent validity analysis of the tool were evaluated. Results: The analysis confirmed the four-factor structure of PEMS-IT [(YBχ2 (164) = 537.901; p < 0.001, the CFI = 0.918, RMSEA = 0.072; 90%CI [0.065–0.078]; p(RMSEA < 0.05) < 0.001, and SRMR = 0.080] and satisfactory reliability on its subscales (Cronbach’s α: 0.745–0.917). Positive correlations were also found with food addiction and binge-eating symptoms, compulsive eating behavior, and uncontrolled and emotional eating. Conclusions: The PEMS-IT appears to be an instrument with promising psychometric properties and potential applications in clinical settings. However, it also has some limitations, and future studies could focus on improving the semantic content of the elements to increase the overall utility and precision of the instrument.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Motivations to Eat Palatable Foods: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS-IT)

Pietrabissa,

Castelnuovo,

Semonella

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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“…In terms of mechanisms for this multitude of adverse effects, UPFs have been associated with stimulating inflammation, altering multiple neurobiological and endocrine pathways (e.g., insulin), and disrupting the microbiome [86][87][88]. The presence of UPFA has also been associated with a poorer treatment outcome for binge eating disorder [89], which is known to be highly comorbid with addiction-like eating [90][91][92].…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dismantling the myth of “all foods fit” in eating disorder treatment

Brewerton,

Dennis,

Wiss

2024

J Eat Disord

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We call for a reevaluation of the long-standing dogmatic nutritional principle that “all foods fit” for all cases of eating disorders (EDs) and its corollary, “there are no bad foods” (for anyone ever) during ED treatment. Based on accumulated scientific research, we challenge these ideologies as outdated, confusing, and potentially harmful to many patients. We review the evidence that indicates the folly of these assumptions and show there are a variety of exceptions to these rules, including (1) food allergies, sensitivities, and intolerances, (2) religious and spiritual preferences or doctrines, and (3) the ubiquitous emergence and widespread availability of ultra-processed foods leading to the potential development of addiction-like eating and a higher prevalence of various medical and psychiatric comorbidities, as well as higher mortality. This evidence supports a nutritional psychiatry approach that should be integrated into (rather than dissociated from) ED treatment research and practice.

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“…Given the connections between FA with both BED and obesity ( Carbone et al, 2023 ), a greater understanding of the overlap and heterogeneity in their presentations is warranted as the mechanisms that contribute to the co-occurrence of FA in BED and obesity are not well understood. In this context, latent class analysis (LCA) may represent a suitable approach to better understand the heterogeneity within diagnostic classes ( Lazarsfeld & Henry, 1968 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using latent class analysis to identify different clinical profiles according to food addiction symptoms in obesity with and without binge eating disorder

Aloi,

Liuzza,

Rania

et al. 2024

JBA

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Background and aimsExisting research suggests that food addiction (FA) is associated with binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity, but the clinical significance of this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the different clinical profiles of FA symptoms among patients who have obesity with/without BED using latent class analysis (LCA).Methods307 patients (n = 152 obesity and BED, n = 155 obesity without BED) completed a battery of self-report measures investigating eating psychopathology, depression, emotional dysregulation, alexithymia, schema domains, and FA. LCA and ANOVAs were conducted to identify profiles according to FA symptoms and examine differences between classes.ResultsLCA identified five meaningful classes labeled as the “non-addicted” (40.4%), the “attempters” (20.2%), the “interpersonal problems” (7.2%), the “high-functioning addicted” (19.5%) and the “fully addicted” (12.7%) classes. Patients with BED and obesity appeared overrepresented in the “high-functioning addicted” and “fully addicted” classes; conversely, patients with obesity without BED were most frequently included in the “non-addicted” class. The most significant differences between the “high-functioning addicted” and “fully addicted” classes versus the “non-addicted” class regarded heightened severity of eating and general psychopathology.Discussion and conclusionsThe results bring to light distinct clinical profiles based on FA symptoms. Notably, the "high-functioning addicted" class is particularly intriguing as its members demonstrate physical symptoms of FA (i.e., tolerance and withdrawal) and psychological ones (i.e., craving and consequences) but are not as functionally impaired as the “fully addicted” class. Identifying different profiles according to FA symptoms holds potential value in providing tailored and timely interventions.

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The relationship of food addiction with binge eating disorder and obesity: A network analysis study

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Measuring Motivations to Eat Palatable Foods: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS-IT)

Measuring Motivations to Eat Palatable Foods: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS-IT)

Dismantling the myth of “all foods fit” in eating disorder treatment

Using latent class analysis to identify different clinical profiles according to food addiction symptoms in obesity with and without binge eating disorder

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