The relationship of diagnosed acne and weight status in adolescent girls

Abstract

We analyzed a large, multicenter, retrospective cohort of 368 adult patients with SJS/TEN from the United States. 4 Of 314 patients known to survive to hospital discharge, 150 (47.8%) had information available regarding postdischarge follow-up. Of these, there was no mention of SJS/TEN-related sequelae in 54.7% (82/150), and long-term sequelae were noted in the remaining 45.3% (68/150), characterized as ocular, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, genital, renal, pulmonary, or other. Sequelae were reported to be severe in 15.3% (23/150) of patients (Table I). Ocular sequelae were most common (20.6%, 31/150), followed by cutaneous (19.3%, 29/ 150), genital (5.3%, 8/150), oral (4.0%, 6/150), renal (2.0%, 3/150), and gastrointestinal (0.67%, 1/150). Other sequelae not fitting into these categories included depression, anxiety, chronic pain, tinnitus, and limb amputations.At the time of initial hospitalization, 12.7% (19/ 150) of patients had severe ocular SJS/TEN, and 34.0% (51/150) had severe oral SJS/TEN. Such patients, as well as those with higher median body surface area involvement, were at increased risk of long-term sequelae, including sequelae characterized as severe (all P \ .01). Patients with severe genitourinary SJS/TEN (12.7%, 19/150) were also at risk of severe long-term sequelae (P ¼ .02) (Table I).There was no association between age, sex, or race and the risk of long-term sequelae in this cohort. SJS/TEN cause/trigger and days from symptom onset to hospital admission, dermatology consultation, diagnosis, and drug discontinuation also were not associated with development of SJS/TEN-related sequelae.These data suggest that long-term SJS/TEN-related sequelae are relatively common and frequently severe, corroborating rates of previously reported sequelae in SJS/TEN. Higher acuity of SJS/TEN at the time of initial presentation-specifically, the presence of severe mucosal disease and higher total body surface area involvement-predicts the development of long-term SJS/TEN-related sequelae.This study is limited by its retrospective nature, which obscures a detailed accounting of the specific features of patient sequelae and almost certainly underestimates their prevalence, because information on sequelae was determined via retrospective chart review rather than prospective systematic evaluation and was not available for all patients. Because all patients were managed by dermatology hospitalists at academic referral centers, results may not be fully generalizable. Future studies should prospectively evaluate the longterm sequelae of patients with SJS/TEN as an important marker of disease outcome and treatment efficacy. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for long-term complications among SJS/TEN survivors.

Acne incidence in preadolescents and association with increased body mass index: A population‐based retrospective cohort study of 643 cases with age‐ and sex‐matched community controls

“…However, another study of 10 to 17-year-old girls did not find a higher prevalence of acne in overweight/obese girls >13 years old, 9 though it did in girls ages 10-12 years with higher BMI. 9 These prior studies were largely retrospective reviews without controls, highlighting the importance of the results of our true-population based study with case-controls. While acne severity was not assessed directly in our study, acne treatments used may serve as an indirect indicator of severity.…”

“…Two prior studies of children ages 6-11 years 12 and 7-19 years 7 found overweight/obesity to be risk factors for acne presence. However, another study of 10 to 17-year-old girls did not find a higher prevalence of acne in overweight/obese girls >13 years old, 9 though it did in girls ages 10-12 years with higher BMI. 9 These prior studies were largely retrospective reviews without controls, highlighting the importance of the results of our true-population based study with case-controls.…”

“…Recently, obesity prevalence has been increasing among preadolescents and adolescents 2 . An association between body mass index (BMI) and acne has previously been identified in adults 3–11 . However, data are conflicted in adolescents and young adults, 3–11 and information concerning younger pediatric patients is very limited 9,12 …”

“…2 An association between body mass index (BMI) and acne has previously been identified in adults. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] However, data are conflicted in adolescents and young adults, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and information concerning younger pediatric patients is very limited. 9,12 Here we investigate acne incidence in children ages 7 to ≤12 years, overall and by sex, and evaluate the relationship of BMI and acne using the incidence acne cases and age-and sex-matched population-based controls.…”

Integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation of hub genetic markers in acne vulgaris: Toward personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

“…The diagnostic potential of the hub genes was robustly validated by the ROC curve analysis across multiple datasets, consistently showing AUC values exceeding 90%. Such high diagnostic accuracy indicates their reliability as objective molecular markers, which could revolutionize acne assessment, transitioning from the traditional subjective visual grading to a more consistent molecular‐based approach 90 . This study's methodological rigor was further highlighted by the use of paired samples, which effectively countered interindividual variability, ensuring the credibility of the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs).…”