The relationship of childhood sexual abuse and depression with somatic symptoms and medical utilization

Newman, Michelle G.; Clayton, Lawrence T.; Zuellig, Andrea R.; Cashman, Laurie; Arnow, Bruce A.; Dea, Robin; Taylor, C. Barr

doi:10.1017/s003329179900272x

Cited by 99 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…While Lewis and colleagues (19) previously found that depression was predictive of formal help seeking among women, unlike the current study, they did not differentiate between medical professionals and mental health professionals. Depression is frequently associated with worse global health ratings, the number and severity of reported health concerns, likelihood of seeking medical treatment for unexplained physical symptoms, emergency room visits, and some evidence suggests that depression mediates the relation between PTSD diagnosis and physical health complaints (26)(27)(28). This strong relation between depression and physical health may serve to partially explain its prediction of medical service utilization in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims

Amstadter¹,

McCauley²,

Ruggiero³

et al. 2008

Psychiatric Services

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Objective: Many women with mental health problems do not seek help. Despite substantial research on predictors of help seeking, little is known about factors associated with help seeking in at-risk populations (e.g., rape victims). This study examines various forms of help seeking for emotional problems in relation to key variables in a national sample of female rape victims. Methods:We interviewed via telephone a representative sample of 3,001 women (aged 18-76 years). Those endorsing a lifetime history of rape were included in the present analyses (n=556). Demographic characteristics, rape history, rape characteristics, psychopathology, and substance abuse were assessed. Help seeking was assessed by asking if participants ever sought help, and if so, what type(s) of services were sought (medical professional, religious figure, or mental health professional).Results: Help seeking was endorsed by 60% of the sample. Final multivariable model showed that ever seeking help was positively associated with white race (OR=2.61), being single/divorced/ widowed (OR=2.30), and having PTSD (OR=3.45). Specific forms of help seeking revealed unique predictor sets. Conclusions:Although help seeking among rape victims was high, 40% of victims did not seek services. Odds of help seeking were generally increased by the presence of a mental health disorder. Because mental health professionals were not the only types of professionals from whom rape victims sought emotional support, education and training regarding rape and associated disorders should be available to other professionals to support provision of care. Public policy should be strengthened regarding professionals' service provision, and should include reimbursement for mental health services.A growing body of literature reveals a significant imbalance between the prevalence of mental health disorders and utilization of mental health services. The Epidemiologic Catchment Area study, conducted from 1980-1985, reported that diagnosed individuals sought past-year treatment (1) and that help-seeking was more likely to occur among individuals with sexual assault histories (2). The National Comorbidity Survey, conducted from 1990-1992, estimated that only 25% of respondents with a mental health disorder received treatment within the past year (3). The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (4), conducted between 2001-2003, estimated that 41% of diagnosed respondents received past-year treatment. Taken together, these studies suggest that increases in mental health service utilization among those with mental health disorders have occurred over the past two decades, but that levels of use among those in need of care remain low. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptA key finding of the NCS-R was that the type of disorder was associated with differential patterns of service use (4). That is, significant variability exists across populations in perceived need for treatment and it follows that determinants of help seeking may also differ by disorder. This underscores the potential va...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims

Amstadter¹,

McCauley²,

Ruggiero³

et al. 2008

Psychiatric Services

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“…For instance, reports of sexual and physical abuse have been elicited from patients with somatization disorder [68]. However, such abuse increases treatment seeking, and this may explain some of the increased prevalence in clinical samples [69]. Craig et al [70] concluded that neglect and solicitous attention from a parent during illness may be major factors in adult somatization [71].…”

Section: Domains In Which Differences May Be Foundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing between Hypochondriasis and Somatization Disorder: A Review of the Existing Literature

Noyes

Stuart

Watson³

et al. 2006

Psychother Psychosom

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A valid classification is important for further understanding of the somatoform disorders. The main disorders in this grouping – somatization disorder and hypochondriasis – have lengthy historical traditions and are defined in a contrasting manner. Various authors point to distinguishing demographic and clinical features, but there have been few direct comparisons of patients with these disorders. A review of the literature indicates those domains where differences are most likely to be found. Research assessing these may serve to refine and validate these key somatoform categories and/or dimensions.

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“…Con respecto a la depresión específica-mente, diversas investigaciones epidemiológicas han demostrado que las experiencias de negligencia, abuso físico y sexual de la infancia constituyen un factor de riesgo importante para su desarrollo 5,6,[20][21][22][23] . Clínicamente los pacientes con estos antecedentes tienen una mayor tendencia a presentar conductas autodestructivas, cronificar su sintomatología, iniciarla más temprano en la vida y presentar una mayor comorbilidad con trastornos ansiosos, somáticos, disociativos, abuso de sustancias y desorden de personalidad [24][25][26][27][28] . Esta complejidad sintomática puede ser comprendida por las consecuencias psicológicas y neurobiológicas debidas al trauma psíquico, aspecto que para muchos autores debe ser considerado en su tratamiento 29 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Mujeres con depresión severa: Relación entre trauma infantil y gravedad de síntomas clínicos

T¹,

et al. 2007

Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr.

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The relationship of childhood sexual abuse and depression with somatic symptoms and medical utilization

Abstract: These results replicate prior studies and suggest that current depression may moderate the relationship between sexual abuse and medical problems in adulthood.

Cited by 99 publications

References 57 publications

Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims

Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims

Distinguishing between Hypochondriasis and Somatization Disorder: A Review of the Existing Literature

Mujeres con depresión severa: Relación entre trauma infantil y gravedad de síntomas clínicos

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