The relationship of body mass index to diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia: comparison of data from two national surveys

Abstract

Summary The objectives of this study were to explore the relation between body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia; examine BMI distributions among patients with these conditions; and compare results from two national surveys. The Study to Help Improve Early evaluation and management of risk factors Leading to Diabetes (SHIELD) 2004 screening questionnaire (mailed survey) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999–2002 (interview, clinical and laboratory data) were conducted in nationally representative samples ≥ 18 years old. Responses were received from 127,420 of 200,000 households (64%, representing 211,097 adults) for SHIELD, and 4257 participants for NHANES. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia was estimated within BMI categories, as was distribution of BMI levels among individuals with these diseases. Mean BMI was 27.8 kg/m2 for SHIELD and 27.9 kg/m2 for NHANES. Increased BMI was associated with increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in both studies (p < 0.001). For each condition, more than 75% of patients had BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Estimated prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was similar in both studies, while dyslipidaemia was substantially higher in NHANES than SHIELD. In both studies, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia occurred across all ranges of BMI, but increased with higher BMI. However, not all overweight or obese patients had these metabolic diseases and not all with these conditions were overweight or obese. Except for dyslipidaemia prevalence, SHIELD was comparable with NHANES. Consumer panel surveys may be an alternative method to collect data on the relationship of BMI and metabolic diseases.

Association of Lipid Profiles With 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Study Among Subjects in Sleman District of Yogyakarta Indonesia

“…The finding from the previous study in the area showed the older age of the subjects had the more ASCVD risk factors [13]. The subjects in this study had the high level of BMI, and it is likely the signal of early ASCVD, higher risk of DM, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia [18]. An investigation done in urban India showed that the earlier escalation of ASCVD risk factors at the younger age of 30-39 year [19].…”

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and severe obesity: Fundoplication or bariatric surgery?

“…BMI itself is a strong predictor of overall mortality, with a progressive excess in mortality noted above the optimum BMI of 22.5-25 kg/m 2 , due mainly to metabolic and vascular disease [3] . Indeed, the prevalence of the metabolic comorbidities that contribute to atherosclerosis appears to increase significantly with increasing BMI [4,5] . In parallel with this trend in obesity is the perception that the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has increased as well, currently affecting between 8% and 26% of the population in the western world [6][7][8] .…”

Prevalence of Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, and Hypertension in the United States: Findings from the GE Centricity Electronic Medical Record Database

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] Among the more prominent data sets are those of the Framingham Study, including the Framingham Offspring Study, in the United States, and the General Practice Research Database in the United Kingdom, the largest non-US database of ''anonymized'' primary care medical records. 14,15 Turning to the effects of body mass index (BMI) and obesity, Bays and colleagues 16 explored the relationships between BMI and prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, examined BMI distributions among patients with these conditions, and compared results from 2 national surveys: (1) the screening questionnaire-based 2004 Study to Help Improve Early evaluation and management of risk factors Leading to Diabetes (SHIELD), and (2) the interview, clinical, and laboratory data of the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Bays et al found that mean BMI was virtually identical in the 2 data sets: 27.8 kg/m 2 for SHIELD and 27.9 kg/m 2 for NHANES.…”