The relationship between workplace violence, depression, burnout, subjective health status, job and life satisfaction of physical therapists in South Korea

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the physical therapists' actual experience of workplace violence and examine its relationship with depression, burnout, subjective health status, and job and life satisfaction. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The level of workplace violence was assessed using the Korean Workplace Violence Scale composed of 24 questions in the following 4 subscales of workplace violence. Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Burnout was assessed using the Korean version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, which is a 5-item scale. Subjective health status was measured on a 5-point scale. Job and life satisfaction was measured based on the assessment tool used in the World Values Survey. Results: There was a significant correlation between the three subscales of workplace violence and health indicators, including depression, subjective health status, job and life satisfaction (p<0.05). The organizational protective system subscale showed a significant negative correlation with depression and a positive correlation with subjective health status as well as job and life satisfaction (p<0.05). The area of 'psychological and sexual violence from customers' showed a significant moderate correlation with depression and job satisfaction (p<0.05). Also, there was a negative correlation that was significant between depression and subjective health status, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggested that future studies should continue to investigate and reveal the causal relationships between workplace violence and physical therapists' health indicators.

Association between Workplace Violence and Depressive Symptoms among Primary Healthcare Professionals in Shandong, China: Meaning in Life as a Moderator

“…Primary healthcare professionals with lower age, fewer years of employment, and fewer working days every week increased the risk of WPV. The results were similar to previous studies, which illustrated that they were not familiar with the new jobs and tried to adapt their jobs, so they did not have enough time to explore the surrounding situations or address the problems [ 15 ]. Previous studies found that young workers had a high risk of confronting WPV, and workers of different ages had various views and responses to WPV [ 33 ].…”

“…Some scholars identified that healthcare professionals who experienced WPV were more likely to develop depression [ 10 , 14 ]. Experiencing WPV eliminated job satisfaction and meaning in life, decreased healthcare work efficiency, and even elevated the levels of depression, job stress, job burnout, and turnover intentions [ 2 , 15 ], which had an impact on patient health. A few foreign studies proved that primary healthcare workers who suffered violence presented with depression [ 16 ].…”

The Relation between Worker Protection System in the Interpersonal Service and Workplace Violence as Well as Workers’ Depression

“…The third main result of this result is that the protection system does not directly reduce the depression of workers but indirectly decreases depression by reducing violence. Our results complement the existing knowledge regarding worker protection systems being negatively correlated to workers’ depression ( 23 ) by demonstrating that workplace violence has a complete mediating effect in the negative correlation between the worker protection system and depression. According to the ecological model, workplace violence is a result of personal, organizational, and social factors, and the results of workplace violence appear at these three levels ( 24 ).…”

Factors Influencing Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged South Korean Workers by Job Type: A Population-Based Study

“…Moreover, the prevalence of depression is gradually increasing [ 18 ], and workers with depression are 3.05 times more likely to have suicidal thoughts than workers without depression [ 19 ]. An extensive body of research also suggests that a large number of personal factors can influence depression, including job stress [ 20 ], job satisfaction [ 21 , 22 ], income, physical health, education, marital status, poor living environments [ 23 ], smoking, passive smoking [ 24 ], alcohol abuse, frequent heavy drinking [ 25 ], exercise habits [ 26 ], eating behaviors, obesity [ 27 ], subjective health status perception, and life satisfaction [ 28 ]. Researchers have targeted these issues among specific samples (e.g., medical personnel and certain job groups [ 29 ]) or compared influences based on factors, such as employment hours [ 30 ] and gender [ 31 ].…”