The relationship between weathering and welding degree of pyroclastic rocks in the Kilistra ancient city, Konya (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Bozdağ, Ali; Bayram, Ali; İnce, İsmail; Asan, Kürşad

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.07.001

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…e presence of hydrogen ions, which accelerate degradation, shown in reactions (6) and (7), would eventually cause the cleavage of the β-glycosidic bond linking the D-glucopyranose units and decrease the degree of polymerisation of cellulose and hemicelluloses [37]. e quantity and quality of cellulose fibres have an important effect on the properties and stability of the wood.…”

Section: Mechanical Damage To Aged Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been conducted on the salt-induced deterioration of rocks, limestone, concrete, and other porous building materials [ 5 – 7 ]. The results show that salt-induced deterioration can lead to significant changes in the physical and mechanical properties of such materials, because of the increase in their porosity and water absorption capacity and decrease in their uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, and other mechanical index values [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Salt-Induced Damage to Aged Wood of Historical Wooden Buildings

Wang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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Salt is a common cause of damage to building materials used in cultural and historical buildings. The damage to aged wood in historical wooden buildings has not been extensively studied, resulting in the need for a more detailed analysis. In this work, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, a typical historical wooden structure, was taken as the research object. Multichemical analyses were conducted to evaluate and understand the salt-induced damage to the aged wood using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, sulphur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and attenuated total reflectance fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. The results showed the presence of invasive salt crystallisations and ions in the aged samples. The source of these invasive elements was deduced by identifying the type, amount, and valency of the elements; they were found to be derived from environmental factors such as acid rain and atmospheric pollutant. The unique damage mechanism and route induced by salt in historical buildings made of wood were summarised; the damage was attributed to the accumulation of sulphate salt causing hydrolysis of the carbohydrates and salt crystallisation resulting in mechanical damage. This interdisciplinary study is significant for decision making in studies related to the preservation and evaluation of historical wooden buildings.

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Section: Mechanical Damage To Aged Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Salt-Induced Damage to Aged Wood of Historical Wooden Buildings

Wang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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“…Bozda g et al [39] Pyroclastic rocks Specimen breaking for freeze-thaw and for salt crystallization (generally higher erosion for salt crystallization, which achieved considerable breakage of the specimens).…”

Section: Reference Rock Type Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water on Natural Stone in the Built Environment—A Review

et al. 2021

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The present work reviews studies with information on the effects of water by itself on stones of the built environment both to assess the impact of this substance and to discuss possible implications for conservation. The analysis concerns empirical results from previous publications dealing with the effects, on several rock types, of freeze–thaw, wetting, erosion by running water and substances resulting from the water–stone interaction. Laboratory studies have shown that water freezing can cause physical damage even in low porosity rocks. As far as we know, this is the first review that considers comparative laboratory studies of freeze–thaw and salt crystallization on the same rock specimens, and these point to lower erosive effects than salt weathering, as freeze–thaw can provoke catastrophic cracking. Wetting has shown strong damaging effects on some fine-grained clastic rocks. Erosive features have been reported for rain exposition and for some fountain settings albeit, in these field studies, it could be difficult to assess the contribution of pollutants transported by water (this assessment could have meaningful implications for stone conservation, especially in fountain settings). Water also interacts with stone constituents, namely sulfides and soluble salts, releasing substances that could impact those stones. Sulfides are a relatively frequent issue for slates and granites, and our observations suggest that for this last rock type, this issue is mostly associated with the presence of enclaves and, hence, avoiding the surface exposition of such enclaves could solve the problem.

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“…Kayaçların mekanik özelliklerine ilave olarak yoğunluk, porozite ve su içeriği gibi bazı önemli fiziksel özelliklerine inşaat sektörü, liman ve havaalanı dolgusu, parke, gabion imalatları, yol çalışmaları gibi mühendislik projelerinde ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ayrıca, donma çözülme ve termal şok parametreleri ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda kayaçların yoğunluk, porozite ve su emme gibi fiziksel özellikleri önem taşımaktadır [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Yavuz [7] donma çözülme ve termal şok özelliklerinin andezit kayaçlarının fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri üzerine etkisini araştırmıştır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Kayaçların fiziksel özelliklerinin ıslanma ve kuruma etkisine bağlı değişiminin belirlenmesi

ÇAKIR

Karaman

Yılmaz

2022

Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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Some physical properties of rocks (water content, density, etc.) are frequently used in the design of rock engineering projects. The physical properties of rocks that are used in the designs can vary in different climatic conditions (rainfall, drought, etc.). The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of time dependent of rocks subjected to wetting and drying in which properties of water content. It was shown that much water is removed from the rock’s body in the early hours in a hot environment (105 degrees). Similarly, the rocks can nearly become saturated in the first few hours when they exposed to water. Under constant temperature (30 degrees), a large amount of water was removed from the rock body at the end of the first day in the samples.

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The relationship between weathering and welding degree of pyroclastic rocks in the Kilistra ancient city, Konya (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation of Salt-Induced Damage to Aged Wood of Historical Wooden Buildings

Evaluation of Salt-Induced Damage to Aged Wood of Historical Wooden Buildings

Effects of Water on Natural Stone in the Built Environment—A Review

Kayaçların fiziksel özelliklerinin ıslanma ve kuruma etkisine bağlı değişiminin belirlenmesi

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