The relationship between vitamin D and the severity of COVID-19

Başaran, Nursel Çalık; Adaş, Mine; Gökden, Yasemin; Turgut, Nilda; Yıldırmak, Taner; Guntaş, Gülcan

doi:10.4149/bll_2021_034

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The quality of included studies varied consistently, with a NOS between 3 and 9 (median score 6). The 25OHD levels have been determined: (i) before SARS-CoV-2 test in 5 studies ( 45 , 50 , 51 , 56 , 59 ) and at SARS-CoV-2 test in 12 studies ( 46 – 49 , 52 – 55 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 61 ), (ii) before COVID-19 diagnosis in 3 studies ( 63 , 64 , 66 ) and at COVID-19 diagnosis in 6 studies, ( 49 , 57 , 60 , 62 , 65 , 67 ), and (iii) before COVID-19 related hospitalization in 7 studies ( 63 , 64 , 66 , 74 , 80 , 83 , 93 ), and at COVID-19 related hospitalization in 35 studies ( 49 , 52 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 61 , 65 , 67 – 73 , 75 – 79 , 81 , 82 , 84 – 92 , 94 – 98 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes

Chiodini

Gatti

Soranna

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

119

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Background: Several studies suggest an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in particular Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to investigate whether vitamin D status is associated with the COVID-19 severity, defined as ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality (primary endpoints) and with the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19-related hospitalization (secondary endpoints).Methods: A search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and preprints repositories was performed until March 31th 2021 to identify all original observational studies reporting association measures, or enough data to calculate them, between Vitamin D status (insufficiency <75, deficiency <50, or severe deficiency <25 nmol/L) and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, or death during COVID-19 hospitalization.Findings: Fifty-four studies (49 as fully-printed and 5 as pre-print publications) were included for a total of 1,403,715 individuals. The association between vitamin D status and SARS-CoV2 infection, COVID-19 related hospitalization, COVID-19 related ICU admission, and COVID-19 related mortality was reported in 17, 9, 27, and 35 studies, respectively. Severe deficiency, deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were all associated with ICU admission (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence intervals [95%CIs]: 2.63, 1.45–4.77; 2.16, 1.43–3.26; 2.83, 1.74–4.61, respectively), mortality (OR, 95%CIs: 2.60, 1.93–3.49; 1.84, 1.26–2.69; 4.15, 1.76–9.77, respectively), SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 95%CIs: 1.68, 1.32–2.13; 1.83, 1.43–2.33; 1.49, 1.16–1.91, respectively) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR, 95%CIs 2.51, 1.63–3.85; 2.38, 1.56–3.63; 1.82, 1.43–2.33). Considering specific subgroups (i.e., Caucasian patients, high quality studies, and studies reporting adjusted association estimates) the results of primary endpoints did not change.Interpretations: Patients with low vitamin D levels present an increased risk of ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes

Chiodini

Gatti

Soranna

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“… 41 Supplementation with vitamin D may have significant impacts on decreasing the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic. 41 , 42 However, calcifediol or calcitriol has been recently proposed as a potential treatment for COVID‐19 patients rather than high‐dose vitamin D3. 10 , 43 , 44 , 45 Calcifediol or 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, the main metabolite of vitamin D could decrease the severity of COVID‐19 disease in a pilot randomized clinical trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D has various functions in the immune system that can regulate the body's response to infections 1 41 . Adequate concentrations of vitamin D could conquer inflammation and decrease the severity of COVID‐19 41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immunomodulatory role of vitamin D has been established 41 . Adequate concentrations of vitamin D could conquer inflammation and decrease the severity of COVID‐19 41 . Supplementation with vitamin D may have significant impacts on decreasing the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic 41,42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 Supplementation with vitamin D may have significant impacts on decreasing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. 41,42 However, calcifediol or calcitriol has been recently…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of vitamin D status with COVID‐19 disease severity in pediatric patients: A retrospective observational study

Heidari

Mohammadi

Fathi

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased vulnerability to respiratory infections. This study aimed to determine the potential relationships between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) severity, serum vitamin D concentrations, and some inflammatory markers among pediatric COVID‐19 patients in Iran. Methods A retrospective study was conducted among hospitalized pediatric COVID‐19 cases in Abuzar Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) for 6 months. The COVID‐19 diagnosis was based on the real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction technique. Demographic and clinical data of patients were recorded. Patients with serum vitamin D levels lower than 20 ng/ml were assigned as Group 1 and those with serum vitamin D concentrations equal to or more than 20 ng/ml were considered as Group 2. Results A total of 144 patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 80 ± 49 months (range: 1–16 years). Patients in Group 1 had significantly lower levels of serum vitamin D, calcium, and lymphocytes, as well as higher fibrinogen, d ‐dimer, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels compared with those in Group 2 ( p < 0.001). In addition, they had a significantly higher dry cough, fever, chest radiographic findings, respiratory rate, and longer hospital length of stay than patients in Group 2. Serum concentrations of vitamin D were positively correlated with levels of serum calcium, lymphocytes, and neutrophils but negatively correlated with CRP, fibrinogen, and d ‐dimer values. Furthermore, patients with moderate or severe courses of COVID‐19 had significantly higher inflammatory markers (CRP, d ‐dimer, and fibrinogen), as well as lower levels of serum calcium, vitamin D, lymphocytes, and neutrophils than those with mild COVID‐19 ( p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, fibrinogen level on admission was detected as the independent predictor of severe COVD‐19 (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.09; p < 0.001). Conclusion This study indicated associations between the severity of COVID‐19, serum vitamin D concentrations, and some inflammatory markers in pediatric COVID‐19 patients.

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