The Relationship between Uterine Myoma Growth and the Endocrine Disruptor in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

ObjectivesTo investigate the number of leiomyoma patients-exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) and to observe whether the serum concentration of BPA is related to leiomyoma growth.MethodsA total of 158 patients were recruited for this study. Leiomyoma patients were divided into three groups, mild (n = 48), moderate (n = 32) and severe (n = 28), according to the size of leiomyomas. The control (n = 30) group was defined as having no leiomyomas. Transvaginal ultrasonography was used to identify and measure the leiomyomas. Serum BPA concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsBPA was detected in 87.0% out of a total of 158 samples, and in 86.0% out of 108 leiomyoma patients. In detail, the detection rates of serum BPA were 88.0% in the control group, 77.2% in the mild group, 90.0% in the moderate group and 96.0% in the severe group. The mean BPA concentration in the control group was 0.558 ± 0.097 ng/mL, the leiomyoma groups, the mean BPA concentrations were 0.274 ± 0.063 ng/mL (mild), 0.346 ± 0.064 ng/mL (moderate) and 0.647 ± 0.039 ng/mL (severe) (P = 0.0003). Values represent the mean ± standard error.ConclusionThe detection rates of serum BPA in the control and leiomyoma groups were 88.0% and 86.0%, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the serum BPA concentrations between the control and leiomyoma groups. To verify the effect of BPA on leiomyoma growth, a close and sequential monitoring is recommended for people who are at risk for uterine leiomyoma.

Cell Therapy Products in Menopausal Medicine

“…Therefore, further studies are needed to apply these technologies to patients. Once further studies are performed, it would be easier to apply these technologies to postmenopausal patients with gynecological and endocrine-related diseases including osteoporosis 1819. Consequently, the quality of life in elderly women as well as postmenopausal women will improve.…”

“…Once further studies are performed, it would be easier to apply these technologies to postmenopausal patients with gynecological and endocrine-related diseases including osteoporosis. 18 19 Consequently, the quality of life in elderly women as well as postmenopausal women will improve. We perform this study so that scientists as well as physicians pay attention to cell therapy technology and applying cell therapy technology to menopausal medicine.…”

Nonpersistent endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive health of women

“…In China and the USA, the mean urine BPA concentration was significantly higher in the UF group than in controls [15,51,52]. In contrast, Korean studies revealed that the serum concentration of BPA is not related to UF progression [53,54]. Thus, epidemiological studies on BPA and UF are not consistent.…”

Re‐evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs

“…Similarly higher BPA concentrations were reported in women with diminished ovarian reserves (Cao et al, 2018 [RefID 11666]) and women diagnosed as infertile (La Rocca et al, 2014 [RefID 3792]) compared with controls. In addition, three cross‐sectional studies found higher BPA concentration among women with uterine leiomyoma compared with controls (Jeong et al, 2013 [RefID 11125]; Shen et al, 2013 [RefID 6644]; Shen et al, 2016 [RefID 6640]). The directionality of these findings showing higher BPA concentrations among women diagnosed with PCOS, endometriosis, women with no or reduced fertility and uterine leiomyoma is difficult to evaluate.…”