The Relationship between Toddlers' Negative Emotionality and Mothers' Parenting Stress: The Moderating Roles of Husbands' Cooperation, Mother-Teacher Partnership, and Other Social Support

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Toddlers'negative emotionality and mothers' parenting stress and the moderating roles of a husbands'cooperation, mother-teacher partnership, and other social support. The participants of this study were 248 mothers with toddlers aged 24-35 months. The method of research used was the questionnaire method. The collected data were mainly analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. The main results of this study were as follows. First, there were differences in mother's parenting stress according to individual characteristics such as mothers employment status, parenting costs, mother's feeling of pregnancy. Second, a moderator effect of a husbands' cooperation was found in the relationship between toddlers'negative emotionality and mothers' parenting stress. Therefore, it was confirmed that husband's cooperation is more of an important factor in nursing children with negative emotions than other support systems.--

What Is the Burnout of Mothers with Infants and Toddlers during the COVID-19 Pandemic? In Relation to Parenting Stress, Depression, and Parenting Efficacy

“…A mother’s physical and mental wellbeing is influenced by her spouse’s interest in and participation in child-rearing. Therefore, the results of this study are in line with the study results [ 27 ] that the spouse’s parenting cooperation can reduce the mother’s burnout by reducing the mother’s parenting burden and role burden. Above all, to increase the spouse’s support, such as participation in child-rearing, the spouse’s perception and attitude toward child-rearing must change positively.…”

“…Although it is difficult to interpret the results of this study due to the lack of studies that identified the burnout of the same subjects using the same tools after COVID-19, the burnout of housewives with infants and children before the COVID-19 pandemic was 2.49 points, and that of working moms was 2.58 [ 26 ]. The burnout level of mothers with children aged 3–5 was 2.28 [ 27 ], and the burnout level of mothers raising elementary school children was 2.08 [ 10 ]. Therefore, these results were similar to the results of this study, and the degree of burnout was not very high.…”