The Relationship between the Transformational Leadership, the Cultural Intelligence of Teachers and the Skills of Principals’ Diversity Management

Abstract

<p style="text-align: justify;">It is regarded as considerable values those principles’ skills of managing diversities and teachers’ cultural intelligences which mean they understand and appreciate other cultures. These core values are remarkably vital to be culturally literate in the global world. The organizations and their administrators respecting the diversities of the employees can allocate more time competing their counterparts in the world instead of losing energy with unnecessary conflicts. The aim of the study is to examine the correlation between teachers’ cultural intelligence and Principal’s managing the diversities and their transformational leaderships according to the teachers’ point of views. The research has adopted a correlational model. The data of the research was gathered from 428 primary school teachers in Turkey/Malatya during 2020-2021 academic year. The Data was gathered through the “Cultural Intelligence”, “Diversity Management” and “Transformational Leadership” scales. The data was analyzed by arithmetic mean, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results of the research suggest that the primary school teacher’s cultural intelligence, the principal’s management of diversity and their transformational leadership levels were “mostly high”. It was revealed that there was a moderate level positive significant correlation between teachers’ cultural intelligence levels and Principal’s skills of managing the diversities and their transformational leaderships. Moreover, teacher’s cultural intelligence levels and Principal’s skills of managing the diversities predict the transformational leaderships of Principles. Consequently, to increase the transformational leadership of Principals, it is recommended to enhance teachers’ socio-cultural awareness and to work on improving the skills of diversity management of principals.</p>

Opinions of High School Principals on Their Cultural Intelligence

“…Gokalp et al concluded that middle school teachers had a moderate (average) level of cultural intelligence. Moreover, Cobanoglu (2021), who undertook a study on the cultural intelligence levels of teachers, determined that teachers' level of cultural intelligence was "generally high". Furthermore, in the study done by Sengul (2018) it was concluded the cultural intelligence levels of teacher candidates were high.…”

“…When the literature is analyzed, some studies that provide suggestions for increasing cultural intelligence have been found. In his research, Cobanoglu (2021) suggested providing the teachers with information about different cultures, ensuring that they understand the differences, and creating motivation for learning different cultures. Besides, Goksoy (2016) suggested that cultural intelligence levels of administrators who will be assigned to administrative roles in educational organizations should be taken into consideration.…”

Enhancing School Organizational Health: Exploring the Nexus of Professional Development, Transformational Leadership, and Cultural Intelligence in Indian and Ethiopian Secondary Schools

“…Plutzer (2021) examined how cultural intelligence impacts multicultural team effectiveness, highlighting the strong relationship between motivational and metacognitive aspects of cultural intelligence and team effectiveness. Cobanoglu (2021) investigated the relationship between transformational leadership, teachers' cultural intelligence, and principals' diversity management skills, emphasizing the importance of cultural intelligence in enhancing transformational leadership. Kozikoglu & Tosun (2020) studied teachers' opinions on culturally responsive pedagogy and their cultural intelligence levels, finding a moderate, positive relationship between them.…”

“…Despite the valuable contributions made by recent studies on cultural intelligence, several research gaps warrant further investigation. First, while studies such as those by Cobanoglu (2021) and Kozikoglu & Tosun (2020) have examined the relationship between cultural intelligence and leadership or pedagogical practices, there is a need for more comprehensive research on the specific mechanisms through which cultural intelligence influences these domains. Furthermore, although studies like Plutzer (2021) have explored the impact of cultural intelligence on team effectiveness, there is limited research on how cultural intelligence interventions or training programs can be effectively implemented to enhance organizational outcomes, like organizational health.…”

The Relationship Between School Principals' Cultural Intelligence Level and Teachers' Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave the Job

“…Cultural intelligence, which has become one of the key elements of organizational productivity with globalization, means the ability of an individual to communicate, act and be successful in culturally diverse environments . Cultural intelligence consists of four dimensions: Metacognitive cultural intelligence, cognitive cultural intelligence, motivational cultural intelligence, and behavioral cultural intelligence (Earley & Ang, 2003;Cobanoglu, 2021). Metacognitive cultural intelligence, which is the most abstract of these dimensions, is the ability of an individual to create strategies when encountering different cultures and to use cultural understanding to solve culturally complex problems.…”