The Relationship Between the Immunosuppressive and Cytotoxic Effects of Human Seminal Plasma

Abstract

This report describes the cytotoxic properties of human seminal plasma and demonstrates that the inhibition of response to mitogens shown by murine lymphocytes in the presence of whole human seminal plasma can be attributed largely to an effect of seminal components on lymphocyte viability. It is hypothesised that the cytotoxic effect of seminal plasma arises as a result of the oxidation of spermine in seminal plasma by an amine oxidase enzyme present in fetal calf serum. In support of this hypothesis, it was found that seminal plasma cytotoxicity is serum dependent and is inhibited in the presence of the amine oxidase inhibitor hydroxylamine.

Immunosuppressive Effect Induced by Intraperitoneal and Rectal Administration Of Boar Seminal Immunosuppressive Factor1

“…Controls received saline in the same manner. On Days 1,3,5,6,7,9,11,13,15,17,19, and 21 after the first injection of ISF, splenocytes and blood samples were obtained from the treated mice and were added to 500 IU of heparin. The splenocytes and WBC were used in the immunofluorescence assay and ELISA.…”

“…Human seminal plasma has been reported to be lymphocytotoxic at high concentrations [17]. The toxic effect of the seminal plasma is enhanced by the presence of fetal calf serum.…”

Semen-mediated Enhancement of HIV Infection Markedly Impairs the Antiviral Efficacy of Microbicides

“…Notably, semen itself greatly enhances HIV-1 infection when tested under conditions that minimise or preclude its cytotoxic effects [5,39,67,69,90,96,137,144], and that semen-mediated infection enhancement correlates with the levels of PAP248-286, SEM1 and SEM2 fibrils [69,111]. Preliminary animal studies suggest that semen and seminal fibrils may facilitate HIV-1 infection after vaginal exposure to low viral doses that reflect the in vivo situation [87,91].…”

Boric Acid-Based Dual Modulation Photoluminescent Glucose Sensor Using Thioglycolic Acid-Capped CdTe Quantum Dots

“…Therefore, a large number of methods have been developed to detect glucose using organic probes functionalized with borates/boronic acids [7], such as phenylboronic acid [8], anthrylboronic acid [9], ferrocenylboronic acids [10], cyanine dye possessing boronic acid [11], boronic acid gel [12], boronic acid functionalized benzyl viologen derivative, and/or boronate-functionalized polymeric monoliths over past few decades [2,13]. These probes have been reported to provide sensitive and selective alternative platforms for the recognition of glucose through reversible covalent interaction between diols and borates centre [2,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In comparison with organic luminescent probes, quantum dots (QDs) have the advantages of higher photostability, continuous absorption spectra, and size-dependant emission properties [27,28].…”