The Relationship between Strength and Toughness in Tempered Steel: Trade‐Off or Invariable?

Li, Hefei; Duan, Qingling; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Zhe‐Feng

doi:10.1002/adem.201801116

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Compared with the ESR-RQ samples, the fraction of long diameter more than 100 nm is %60% in the tempered MC-IQ samples. The coarse carbide precipitation decreases the crack initiation energy, [26] which is one of the reasons for the poor toughness of the MC-IQ steel. Remarkably, the carbides precipitated at the martensite lath boundaries in the tempered MC-IQ samples connected to each other and formed a chain that occupied a certain length of the boundary (the dotted rectangle in Figure 11c).…”

Section: Precipitation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Through‐Thickness Homogeneity of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultraheavy Steel Plate by Advanced Casting and Quenching Technologies

Wang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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Keeping through‐thickness homogeneity of mechanical properties has been a great challenge for producing heavy gauge steel plates. Herein, a superior homogeneity of microstructure and hence strength and toughness achieved in a quenched and tempered (QT) 210 mm‐thickness steel plate produced by advanced electroslag remelting casting and roller quenching (ESR–RQ) technologies are reported. Some comparisons are made with a QT 178 mm steel plate produced by conventional mold casting and immersion quenching in the water tank (MC‐IQ). The martensite of the as‐quenched ESR–RQ steel is distributed homogeneously across the thickness with a fraction of 39% at the 1/2 thickness, remarkable higher 34% than that of MC‐IQ steel. ESR–RQ steel appears excellent comprehensive mechanical properties even for the as‐quenched samples, as well as QT samples. Comparing with the MC‐IQ steel, the Charpy impact energy at −60 °C is 150 J (278%) higher for the samples tempered at 650 °C, and the yield strength is 137 MPa (18%) higher for the samples tempered at 600 °C than those of MC‐IQ steel, respectively. The considerable improvement can be attributed to homogeneous through‐thickness microstructures, including refined prior austenite grains, effective grain size, and carbide precipitates.

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Section: Precipitation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Through‐Thickness Homogeneity of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultraheavy Steel Plate by Advanced Casting and Quenching Technologies

Wang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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“…c) The comparison of the mechanical properties of the experimental steel with other spring steels and high‐strength steels. [ 1, 3–5, 8, 9, 23–35 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of an Ultrahigh‐Strength and Ductile Medium‐Carbon High‐Silicon Spring Steel

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Herein, the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium‐carbon high‐silicon spring steel are studied, which is alloyed and/or microalloyed with Cr, Mo, Ni, Cu, Nb, and V, and subjected to various austenitizing and tempering processes. The steel has a mixed microstructure consisting of fine lath martensite, nanoscale cementite, ε‐carbide, and an amount of retained austenite (10.4 vol%). At room temperature, the steel exhibits ultrahigh tensile strength (2002 MPa) and yield strength (1775 MPa) with total elongation of 11.1%, while a good toughness is obtained characterized by Charpy impact energy as 38 J. The ultrahigh strength of this steel is attributed to the dislocation and precipitation strengthening, while the excellent total elongation is closely associated with the retained austenite. In addition, tempered martensite embrittlement is found in this steel when tempered at 450 °C. This is due to the retained austenite decomposition and cementite coarsening along the prior austenite grain and martensite laths.

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“…The intergranular and transgranular fracture in the steel is closely related to the carbide along the PAGB and lath boundary [32]. The impact toughness of steel materials largely depends on the initiation of cracks and subsequent crack propagation [30].…”

Section: Impact Toughness and Fractographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel H-Grade Sucker Rod Steel

Tong

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2022

Metals

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The sucker rod is an extremely important equipment in oil exploitation, but with the deepening and harsh environment of the petroleum well, higher requirements are put forward for the strength and corrosion resistance of the sucker rod. The most commonly used steel for H grade sucker rods is 4330 steel. However, it has characteristics such as high cost and relatively low sulfide stress cracking resistance. Thus, a novel sucker rod steel with a composition of 0.2 wt.% Cu and 1.2 wt.% Ni was designed. Normalizing + tempering (NT) and quenching + tempering (QT) heat treatment were optimized to render the mechanical properties of the novel sucker rod steel to reach the H grade. Additionally, effects of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the novel sucker rod steel were investigated by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and mechanical property tests. The results showed that the microstructure is tempered sorbite and the mechanical properties reach H grade after NT and QT. Specifically, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and impact toughness of NT/QT samples reached 1010.58/1124.37 MPa, 875.93/1042.63 MPa, 15.66/11.59% and ~77.48/~111.69 J/cm2, respectively. Furthermore, the finer and more dispersed carbides were observed in the QT sample, which means that the QT sample had better strength and toughness.

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The Relationship between Strength and Toughness in Tempered Steel: Trade‐Off or Invariable?

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Superior Through‐Thickness Homogeneity of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultraheavy Steel Plate by Advanced Casting and Quenching Technologies

Superior Through‐Thickness Homogeneity of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultraheavy Steel Plate by Advanced Casting and Quenching Technologies

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of an Ultrahigh‐Strength and Ductile Medium‐Carbon High‐Silicon Spring Steel

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel H-Grade Sucker Rod Steel

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