The Relationship Between Sexually Dimorphic Peripheral Nerves and Diseases

Moriyama, Hiroshi

doi:10.5772/56080

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Sexual size dimorphism is a recurrent biological phenomenon in different species, with the differences in the size of males and females stemming from different evolutionary mechanisms, including sexual selection and competition for resources. 61 The results presented here mimic previous works focused on the scapula and clavicle, with significant differences between sexes in all osteometric dimensions, categorically substantiating the potential of these bones to accurately predict the assigned sex in human skeletal remains. Notwithstanding, not all of the measured variables reliably depict patterns of sexual dimorphism in the scapula and clavicle while also providing good models for the prediction of sex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Assigned sex estimation with the clavicle and scapula: A study in a Portuguese reference sample

et al. 2023

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The estimation of biological sex is a critical step in the assessment of the biological profile of an anonymous skeletonized individual. In certain recovery circumstances, the most dimorphic skeletal areas, such as the pelvis, are absent or fragmented; in that case, other bones of the skeleton, including the clavicle and scapula, can be used to predict sex. The purpose of this research is to generate new models for the estimation of sex with clavicular and scapular measurements using a study-sample of 129 individuals with clavicle (65 males and 64 females) and 112 individuals with scapula (50 males and 62 females) from the Lisbon Identified Skeletal Collection (Portugal). A decision tree classifier (C4.5) and logistic regression (LR) were employed to create univariable and multivariable sex prediction models. Accuracy under cross-validation of the classification models is high (up to 93.8%), with minimal bias (<5%), particularly in the multivariable models. The proposed LR models facilitate the probabilistic estimation of biological sex, accounting for the significant overlap in the expression of sexual dimorphism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Assigned sex estimation with the clavicle and scapula: A study in a Portuguese reference sample

et al. 2023

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“…Although D1 of men was larger than that of women, the difference was not significant. On the other hand, Moriyama [ 37 ] suggested no significant difference in peripheral nerves between men and women by microscopic examination of number of myelinated axons, average transverse area, and circularly ratios of myelinated axons. Based on cross-sectional area measurement, our results suggest sexual dimorphism of the median nerve at the proximal carpal tunnel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Wrist Angle on Median Nerve Appearance at the Proximal Carpal Tunnel

Loh

Muraki

2015

PLoS ONE

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This study investigated the effects of wrist angle, sex, and handedness on the changes in the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) and median nerve diameters, namely longitudinal diameter (D1) and vertical diameter (D2). Ultrasound examination was conducted to examine the median nerve at the proximal carpal tunnel in both dominant and nondominant hands of men (n = 27) and women (n = 26). A total of seven wrist angles were examined: neutral; 15°, 30°, and 45° extension; and 15°, 30°, and 45° flexion. Our results indicated sexual dimorphism and bilateral asymmetry of MNCSA, D1 and D2 measurements. MNCSA was significantly reduced when the wrist angle changed from neutral to flexion or extension positions. At flexion positions, D1 was significantly smaller than that at neutral. In contrast, at extension positions, D2 was significantly smaller than that at neutral. In conclusion, this study showed that MNCSA decreased as the wrist angle changed from neutral to flexion or extension positions in both dominant and nondominant hands of both sexes, whereas deformation of the median nerve differed between wrist flexion and extension.

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The Relationship Between Sexually Dimorphic Peripheral Nerves and Diseases

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Assigned sex estimation with the clavicle and scapula: A study in a Portuguese reference sample

Assigned sex estimation with the clavicle and scapula: A study in a Portuguese reference sample

Effect of Wrist Angle on Median Nerve Appearance at the Proximal Carpal Tunnel

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