The relationship between severity of Alzheimer's disease and prevalence of comorbid depressive symptoms and depression: a systematic review

Verkaik, Renate; Nuyen, Jasper; Schellevis, François G.; Francké, Anneke L.

doi:10.1002/gps.1809

Cited by 77 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…No association was found between MMSE score and depression. This result is in agreement with a large review, which found that depression was not related to disease severity [53]. Another study confirmed this, but on the other hand, found that apathy was associated with disease severity [54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Association between Subcortical Lesions and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Palmqvist

Sarwari

Wattmo

et al. 2011

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background/Aims: The most devastating features of Alz-heimer's disease (AD) are often the behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD). There is controversy as to whether subcortical lesions contribute to BPSD. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between BPSD and subcortical lesions (white-matter lesions and lacunes) in AD. Methods: CT or MRI from 259 patients with mild-to-moderate AD were assessed with the Age-Related White Matter Changes scale. Linear measures of global and temporal atrophy and Mini-Mental State Examination scores were used to adjust for AD pathology and disease severity in logistic regression models with the BPSD items delusions, hallucinations, agitation, depression, anxiety, apathy and irritability. Results: Lacunes in the left basal ganglia were asso-ciated with delusions (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.21-5.48) and hallucinations (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.38-8.01) and lacunes in the right basal ganglia were associated with depression (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.01-4.51). Conclusion: Lacunes in the basal ganglia resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of delusions, hallucinations and depression, when adjusting for cognition and atrophy. This suggests that basal ganglia lesions can contribute to BPSD in patients with AD, independently of the AD process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Association between Subcortical Lesions and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Palmqvist

Sarwari

Wattmo

et al. 2011

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…The differences in severity of dementia between different levels of care may also explain differences in NPS prevalence rates between the cohorts, as there are increasing prevalence rates of NPS with increased severity of the dementia (34). Nevertheless, a recent review focusing on depression in dementia concluded that the prevalence rates of depression did not change across different stages of dementia (42). For psychotic symptoms, the prevalence rates of the patient's symptoms increase during the first three years of the disease, but later they don't change (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and the course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia

Bergh¹,

Selbæk²

2012

Nor J Epidemiol

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Dementia is prevalent in Norway and other countries and is hallmarked by a decline in memory and other cognitive abilities. In addition to cognitive decline, the vast majority of patients with dementia experience neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as depression, agitation, psychosis, apathy, or irritability. In this review, we describe the prevalence and the course of NPS in patients with dementia, referring to results of population-based studies, studies of outpatients, and studies of patients in long-term care. For a better comparison of the included studies and for clarification, we have included studies that have assessed NPS with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Overall, we found a high prevalence rate of NPS. At least one NPS (NPI > 0) was present in 56% to 98% of the patients and 62% to 84% of the patients had at least one clinically significant NPS (NPI > 3). The NPS with the highest prevalence rate were apathy, irritability, agitation, depression and anxiety; while delusion, hallucination, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior and euphoria were the least frequent NPS.

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“…It may be the first symptom of dementia [5,6], but it may also be present at any stage of the disorder [7,8]. It is presumed that about 50% of the patients with dementia will suffer from depression during the course of the disorder, with an equal distribution between major and minor depressive disorder [3,5,7,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Validity of the Cornell Scale and the MADRS in Detecting Depression among Memory Clinic Patients

Knapskog

Barca

Engedal

2011

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: The aim of the study was to compare the validity of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) and the Montgomery-Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) among memory clinic patients. Methods: The scales were independently completed for 125 patients. The diagnosis of depression was made by psychiatrists blinded to the depression scores. Results: The mean score of the Mini-Mental State Examination was 25.5 (SD: 4.6), of the CSDD 6.8 (SD: 4.9), and of the MADRS 8.5 (SD: 6.8). In receiver operation characteristics (ROC) analyses, the AUC for the CSDD was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.63–0.82) using the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) criteria for depression, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57–0.79) using the DSM-IV criteria. The AUC was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81–0.95) for the MADRS using the ICD-10 criteria, and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76–0.92) using the DSM-IV criteria. Conclusion: Both scales are suitable as screening tools. According to the ROC analyses, the MADRS seems better at distinguishing depressed from nondepressed patients.

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The relationship between severity of Alzheimer's disease and prevalence of comorbid depressive symptoms and depression: a systematic review

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

Association between Subcortical Lesions and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Association between Subcortical Lesions and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

The prevalence and the course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia

A Comparison of the Validity of the Cornell Scale and the MADRS in Detecting Depression among Memory Clinic Patients

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