The Relationship between Serum Cholesterol and Serum Thyrotropin, Thyroxine and Tri-Iodothyronine Concentrations in Suspected Hypothyroidism

Elder, J. B.; McLelland, A; O'Reilly, Denis; Packard, C.J.; Series, J.J.; Shepherd, James

doi:10.1177/000456329002700204

Cited by 87 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results are in accordance with those of the small number of published reports about the effect of L-T4 treatment on lipoprotein and apolipoprotein fractions in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism [25,26]. But other studies have failed to demonstrate significant changes in total cholesterol following L-T4 treatment [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Before and After Levo-Thyroxine Therapy.

et al. 1996

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Abstract. Subclinical hypothyroidism is a frequent disorder in populations and has been shown to be a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Less is known about the contribution of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] to the development of CHD in this disorder. Therefore this study was designed to evaluate Lp(a) and other lipoprotein concentrations before and after L-T4 therapy in 20 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 20 normal healthy subjects matched for sex, age and BMI. In the basal state of subclinical hypothyroidism, a significant increase in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) B concentrations was observed in patients compared with those in the control group. The mean Lp(a) concentration before treatment was 163 ± 15 mg/L. This is slightly but not significantly higher than those in the control group (131 ± 15 mg/L). Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism with a low dose of L-T4 (25 ug daily) for 3 months after restoration of euthyroidism led to decreases in levels of Lp(a) from 163 mg/L to 126 mg/L (23% reduction, P<0.001), total cholesterol from 5.5 mmol/L to 5.1 mmol/L (7% reduction, P<0.001), LDL-cholesterol from 4.14 mmol/L to 3.63 mmol/L (12%, P<0.001), and apo B from 98 mg/dL to 86 mg/dL (12% reduction, P<0.05), but triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and apo A-I concentrations were unchanged. These data suggest that L-T4 replacement therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism has beneficial effects on the lipid profile since L-T4 replacement therapy lowered the concentrations of Lp(a) and other atherogenic lipid particles. [7,8]. The Lp(a) lipid composition is similar to that of LDL, but the protein composition is different, consisting of two major proteins, apolipoproteins (apo) B 100 and apo (a) attached to each other by a disulfide bridge [9]. Lp(a) is closely correlated with a high risk for CHD [10,11]. Metabolism of Lp(a) is largely unknown; its sites of degradation and the factors affecting its plasma levels are not fully understood. Diets and most drugs that decrease LDL cholesterol levels do not substantially alter Lp(a) levels [12] except the use of neomycin in combination with nicotinic acid [13].Recently, several reports have been published

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Before and After Levo-Thyroxine Therapy.

et al. 1996

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“…21 In the present study, PTU, possibly through its effect on thyroid hormone, had a mild hypercholesterolemic effect in rabbits treated with PTU only. However, serum lipid concentrations were unaffected by PTU in cholesterol-fed rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Protective Effect of Propylthiouracil Independent of Its Hypothyroid Effect on Atherogenesis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits

et al. 2004

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Background-Propylthiouracil (PTU) is used to treat hyperthyroid patients by its hypothyroid effect. PTU also is found to have potent antioxidant and immunosuppressive effects. These findings suggest that PTU may play a role in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results-This study evaluates the effect of PTU on atherosclerotic change in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet. The pronounced atherosclerotic lesions in the aortas of rabbits fed a 2% cholesterol diet for 12 weeks were significantly attenuated by the concurrent addition of 0.1% PTU to the drinking water. However, exogenous supplementation of thyroid hormone in hypothyroid PTU-treated rabbits did not abrogate the protective effect of PTU on atherogenesis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PTU administration apparently reduced the intimal smooth muscle cell/macrophage ratio in the atherosclerotic plaques of rabbits fed a 2% cholesterol diet. In vitro, the addition of PTU to the medium of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells led to a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, this study confirmed that PTU dose-dependently increased expression of PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene known to be involved in the coordinate inhibition of VSMC proliferation and migration. Conclusions-This study demonstrated that PTU inhibited the development of atherosclerosis through a thyroidindependent mechanism that may be explained, at least in part, by the ability of PTU to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, PTEN induction, via disruption of the phosphatidylinsitol 3-kinasemediated pathway, plays a crucial role in mediating the inhibitory action on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.

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“…The levels are more in type 1 DM compared to the type 2 DM patients. In our study, table.4, indicates type 2 DM patients shows significant higher serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and lower level of HDL than type 1 DM as compared to control population similar to the previous studies Elder, 1990. ns p>0.05, *p< 0.05 significance followed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test as compared with control.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients of Visakhapatnam District

T.S¹,

P²,

Rohini³

et al. 2018

JCHPS

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The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus who attending outpatients department (OPD) of King George Hospital (KGH), Visakhapatnam. The population of 50 healthy volunteers and 200 diabetic patients attended OPD of KGH during September 2015 to September 2016. The age, sex, BMI and stress rate were noted. All the subjects were investigated for fasting blood glucose (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and VLDL) and thyroid hormones (triidothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)) were estimated. The incidence of thyroid dysfunction was also noted. The significant elevation of FBS, HbA1c, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, LDL levels and VLDL, lowered levels of HDL was observed in diabetic patients as compared to health volunteers. The level of T3 and T4 were not significantly altered while the level of TSH was significantly higher in diabetics as compared to healthy volunteers. The incidence of sub clinical hypothyroidism (25.3) was found to be more in type 2 DM patients compared to other states of thyroid dysfunction. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 DM patients is very high (25.3 %) with subclinical hypothyroidism is being most common. Continuous monitoring of thyroid hormones is important to control the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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The Relationship between Serum Cholesterol and Serum Thyrotropin, Thyroxine and Tri-Iodothyronine Concentrations in Suspected Hypothyroidism

Cited by 87 publications

References 16 publications

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Before and After Levo-Thyroxine Therapy.

Lipoprotein(a) Concentration in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Before and After Levo-Thyroxine Therapy.

Protective Effect of Propylthiouracil Independent of Its Hypothyroid Effect on Atherogenesis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits

Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients of Visakhapatnam District

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