The relationship between serum antioxidant vitamins, magnesium levels, and clinical parameters in patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome

Abstract

We proposed to assess serum antioxidant vitamins and magnesium (Mg) levels in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) in comparison to healthy controls. Additionally, the association between the serum antioxidant vitamins, magnesium levels, and clinical parameters in FM patients was also investigated. Forty female patients, aged between 30 and 50 years, were diagnosed with FM according to ACR-1990 criteria, and 40 healthy controls were included in the present study. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants, accompanying symptoms, and number of tender points (TP) of the patients were recorded. The intensity of pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The functional status and depression levels were evaluated with Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. Serum vitamins A, C, and E and Mg levels were measured. There were no significant differences in the levels of vitamins A, C, and E and Mg between control subjects and patients with fibromyalgia (p > 0.05). In addition, no statistically significant correlations were found between mean levels of serum vitamins A, C, and E, and Mg and number of TP, scores of VAS, FIQ, and BDI in patients with FM (p > 0.05). According to the results of this study, it was asserted that other complex mechanism may play an important role in the pathophysiology of FM without plasma antioxidant vitamins and Mg levels.

Vitamin and mineral status in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…All studies that investigated vitamin B12 (n = 1) [62], folic acid (n = 1) [62], iron (n = 2) [48,50], molybdenum (n = 1) [66], phosphorus (n = 4) [46,49,61,71,72] sodium (n = 3) [42,46,66], and iodine (n = 1) [66], and the majority of studies that investigated potassium (n = 3/4) [42,46,59], and selenium status (n = 4/5) [39,46,66,69] found no statistically significant difference between patients and controls (Table 3). In contrast, all studies that investigated vitamin B1 (n = 1/1) [54], and manganese (n = 1/1) [46], and the majority of studies that investigated vitamin A (n = 2/4) [39,67], found statistically significant lower serum values in patients versus controls. The majority of the studies that were not suitable for inclusion in the meta-analyses reported significantly lower vitamin E in patients versus controls (n = 3/4) [55,56,73].…”

“…No differences in circulating concentrations of vitamin C (patients n = 93, controls n = 102, pooled SMD:- [49,61,65,70], and calcium = (patients n = 184, controls n = 178; pooled SMD:0.18 95%CI:-0.18,0.54; p = .34) [49,61,71,72] were found. The significant difference in circulating concentrations of vitamin E between patients and controls disappeared when studies with low quality score were excluded (patients n = 91, controls n = 90, pooled SMD: -1.86, 95%CI:-4.28, 0.56; p = .13) [32, 67,73].…”

“…All studies investigating vitamin A (n = 1) [67], vitamin C (n = 1) [67], ferritin (n = 2) [50,62], iron (n = 1) [50], and selenium (n = 1) [69], found no significant Vitamins and minerals in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome According to the quality tool to assess methodological quality of vitamin and mineral studies in CFS and FM (S2 Appendix). However, two studies found significantly higher VAS-score for pain in patients with vitamin D levels <30 ng/ml compared to FMS patients with vitamin D levels of >30ng/ml [44,60].…”

Vitamin and mineral status in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In contrast, all studies that investigated vitamin B1 (n = 1/1) [54], and manganese (n = 1/1) [46], and the majority of studies that investigated vitamin A (n = 2/4) [39,67], found statistically significant lower serum values in patients versus controls. The majority of the studies that were not suitable for inclusion in the meta-analyses reported significantly lower vitamin E in patients versus controls (n = 3/4) [55,56,73].…”

The Role of Oxidants/Antioxidants, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Autophagy in Fibromyalgia

“…In the study by Sakarya et al, the authors evaluated blood levels of antioxidant vitamins and Mg in FM patients, and they correlated them with clinical parameters without finding a correlation between the levels of vitamins A, C, E, and Mg with pain severity, functional capacity, and depression. The authors suggest that based on the results, the poor intake of these nutrients does not necessarily signify low blood levels [89]. Folate and vitamin B12 are essential for the regulation of the central nervous system, and their deficiency can result in peripheral neuropathic pain.…”