The Relationship Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for musculoskeletal health in older adults. While many studies have explored the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and fractures, few have examined the relationship between vitamin D and physical performance. We, therefore, sought to evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional study was performed using data collected from 132 individuals aged 60 years or older who were living independently and who participated in the National Health Insurance Service health checkup between May and December 2016. Physical performance was assessed using a short physical performance battery (SPPB). Linear regression was used to examine the association between 25(OH)D levels and physical performance after adjustment for sociodemographic variables, behavioral characteristics, and body mass index. Results: Approximately 36.5% of male and 50.7% of females had vitamin D levels indicative of deficiency (serum 25(OH)D <20.0 ng/mL). 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with the chair stand SPPB scores in male and females but not with those of the walking and balance tests. After adjustment for potential confounders, there remained a linear association between 25(OH)D levels and the chair stand test for both sexes. Conclusion: Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with poor physical performance (chair stand score) among community-dwelling older adults in Korea. Further prospective studies are needed to verify these results.

Association between vitamin D status, physical performance, sex, and lifestyle factors: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling Kosovar adults aged 40 years and older

“…Furthermore, the influence of vitamin D deficiency on both upper and lower body strength (endurance) in our male participants is another important factor to consider. Although similar findings have been shown previously [ 10 , 54 ], the association with male sex only, even with smaller effect sizes, is a novelty. This could be explained by the possible effects of 25(OH)D on the male reproductive system, including testosterone production [ 55 ], which contributes to neuromuscular development by having a significant anabolic effect on muscle tissue [ 56 ].…”

Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements in Reducing the Risk of Falls among Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…8,9) Vitamin D deficiency is a cause for concern, especially in older adults, due to its association with poor physical performance, increased risk of falling, and osteoporosis-related fractures. 10,11) Moreover, vitamin D may play a role in preserving or enhancing muscle strength, function, physical performance, and balance in older adults, as well as in lowering hip and non-vertebral fractures. [12][13][14] By enhancing intestinal calcium absorption, vitamin D may enhance bone health and improve bone mineralization.…”