The relationship between Self-Rating of the Effects of alcohol and alcohol challenge results in ninety-eight young men.

Schuckit, Marc A.; Tipp, Jayson E.; Smith, Tom L.; Wiesbeck, Gerhard A.; Kalmijn, Jelger

doi:10.15288/jsa.1997.58.397

Cited by 129 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Higher scores on the SRE indicate that more drinks are required to have an effect, implying a lower level of response per drink. SRE values have correlated with data from alcohol challenge studies at about 0.4 to 0.6 (Schuckit et al, 1997a(Schuckit et al, , 1997b and have correlated with the ALDH2*2 allele at 0.35 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

Duranceaux

Schuckit

Luczak

et al. 2008

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Objective-Koreans have higher rates of alcohol-use disorders and family history of alcoholism, compared with Chinese. These differences likely reflect both environmental and genetic influences. One genetically influenced characteristic that may contribute to these ethnic differences is level of response to alcohol. Variant alleles of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) genes are prevalent in individuals of Asian heritage and have been associated with an increased level of response to alcohol and a decreased risk for alcohol dependence. Additionally, a low level of response to alcohol is more common in individuals with a first-degree family history of alcoholism and is predictive of increased risk for this disorder. It also is possible that sociocultural factors have an impact on an individual's response to alcohol. The current study examined self-report level of response to alcohol, ALDH2 and ADH1B, country of origin, and family history of alcoholism in 154 Chinese-and 181 Korean-American college students.Method-Participants were evaluated via in-person interviews and genotyped at the ALDH2 and ADH1B loci.Results-Ethnicity was significantly related to level of response to alcohol, with Koreans having a lower self-reported level of response than Chinese. This relationship remained significant after considering the effects of gender, height, weight, quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption (over the previous 90 days), ALDH2 genotype, ADH1B genotype, country of origin, and first-degree family history of alcohol dependence.

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mentioning

confidence: 62%

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

Duranceaux

Schuckit

Luczak

et al. 2008

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…Prior evaluations of the alcohol challenge results have demonstrated the most robust relationship between LR and alcoholic outcome among those who fell in the low end of the distribution, where LR explained approximately half of the relationship between family history and alcoholic outcome Smith, 1996, 2000). In addition, the highest correlation between SRE and alcohol challenge scores was observed when data from those clearly high and low on SREs were evaluated (Schuckit et al, 1997b). In viewing results it is important to remember that a low LR on alcohol challenge involves a less intense reaction at a given blood alcohol concentration, whereas the similar result on the SRE reflects the need for a higher number of drinks to obtain a particular effect from alcohol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These data used a simple paper-and-pencil test that measured LR through self-reports of the number of drinks required for an effect. This instrument has a 1 year retest reliability of 0.8 and, depending on the cutoff score used, has been reported to successfully identify up to 80% of the individuals who demonstrated the lowest intensity of response to alcohol on alcohol challenges (Schuckit et al, 1997b). Thus, the ease of administration of this measure and the availability of a moderately sized sample for whom both SRE data and genome scan results were available made this a logical focus of the present analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another attribute related to the risk for alcohol abuse or dependence (alcoholism) is a low level of response (LR) to alcohol, a phenomenon that is genetically influenced in both animals (Baldwin et al, 1991;Li, 2000;Moore et al, 1998) and humans (Heath and Martin, 1992;Madden et al, 1995); a comparison in twins generates an estimated heritability of between 0.4 and 0.5 (Martin, 1988). Most evaluations of LR were determined through the demonstration of a lower effect of alcohol at a given blood level on an alcohol challenge, but a recent self-report measure has been developed that records a low LR as the requirement for more alcohol to have a specific effect (Schuckit, 1998;Schuckit et al, 1997b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Genome‐Wide Search for Genes That Relate to a Low Level of Response to Alcohol

Schuckit¹,

Edenberg²,

Kalmijn³

et al. 2001

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

196

111

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Background:The low level of response (LR) to alcohol is genetically influenced in both humans and animals, and a low LR is a characteristic of offspring of alcoholics that has been reported to predict alcoholism 10 and 15 years later. The genes that contribute to a low LR have not yet been identified.Methods: A 12-item questionnaire that measures LR, the Self Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) instrument, was filled out by 745 individuals from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) for whom genetic material was available. These subjects were genotyped by using 336 markers with an average heterozygosity of 0.74 and an average intermarker distance of 10.5 cM. Both quantitative and qualitative nonparametric, sib-pair analyses were carried out for the SRE measure related to early drinking experiences.Results: Correlations of SRE scores across related individuals were significant and between 0.16 and 0.22 for most values, compared with nonsignificant correlations of 0.03 or less among unrelated individuals. Linkage analyses performed by using the FIRST 5 variables (first five times alcohol is consumed) identified four chromosomal regions with lod scores Ն2.0 whose maximum was also near a marker. One of these chromosomal regions previously was linked to alcohol dependence in the COGA sample.Conclusions: These data document the familial nature of a low LR to alcohol as measured by the SRE and suggest several chromosomal regions that might contribute to the phenomenon.

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“…Two scores were generated, one for the approximate fi rst fi ve times of drinking (the SRE5) and the other the number of drinks for effects averaged across the fi rst fi ve times, the period of heaviest drinking, and the most recent 3 months (the SRET) (Ray et al, 2011;Schuckit et al, 1997b). This instrument, with a Cronbach's α > .90 and 12-month to 5-year reliabilities between .6 and .8, recorded the number of standard drinks required for fi rst feeling effects, slurring speech, impairing coordination, and passing out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Among Independent Major Depressions, Alcohol Use, and Other Substance Use and Related Problems Over 30 Years in 397 Families

Schuckit¹,

Smith²,

Kalmijn³

2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Although heavy drinking is related to sadness on multiple levels, the link between alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and major depressive episodes (MDEs) is more controversial. One complicating factor is that some MDEs are temporary and only occur in the context of heavy drinking, whereas other MDEs are longer lasting and occur independently of intense alcohol intake (i.e., independent depressive episodes [IDEs]). We hypothesized that a longitudinal study that uses validated interviews with subjects and relatives and distinguishes between IDEs and alcohol-induced depressive episodes would reveal little evidence of a link between IDEs and AUDs. Method: Histories of AUDs, IDEs, and substance-induced depressions were prospectively evaluated over 30 years in 397 male probands from the San Diego Prospective Study and in their 449 offspring using questions extracted from the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism interview. Results: The rate of IDEs over 30 years in the 397 probands was 15.3% overall. Among probands who developed AUDs, 31% of their depressive episodes were substance induced, not IDEs. For these men followed over 3 decades, those with IDEs had no increased rate of AUDs and evidenced no higher rate of use or abuse/dependence on illicit substances. Similar conclusions applied to their 449 offspring ages 12 years and older. Conclusions: These data support the importance of distinguishing between IDE and substance-induced depressions when evaluating the relationship between AUDs and depression syndromes. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 271-279, 2013)

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The relationship between Self-Rating of the Effects of alcohol and alcohol challenge results in ninety-eight young men.

Cited by 129 publications

References 21 publications

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

Ethnic Differences in Level of Response to Alcohol Between Chinese Americans and Korean Americans

A Genome‐Wide Search for Genes That Relate to a Low Level of Response to Alcohol

Relationships Among Independent Major Depressions, Alcohol Use, and Other Substance Use and Related Problems Over 30 Years in 397 Families

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