The relationship between reward-based learning and nicotine dependence in smokers with schizophrenia

AhnAllen, Christopher G.; Liverant, Gabrielle I.; Gregor, Kristin; Kamholz, Barbara W.; Levitt, James J.; Gulliver, Suzy B.; Pizzagalli, Diego A.; Koneru, Vamsi K.; Kaplan, Gary B.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.09.011

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Following prior procedures (Pizzagalli et al, 2005, 2008a,b; Bogdan and Pizzagalli, 2006; AhnAllen et al, 2012), task performance was analysed in relation to four variables: response bias, discriminability, accuracy (i.e., hit rates) and reaction time (RT). Response bias provides an index of the participant’s systematic preference for the stimulus paired with the more frequent reward, and is thus the main variable of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anhedonia in melancholic and non-melancholic depressive disorders

Fletcher

Parker

Paterson

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Anhedonia represents a core symptom of major depression and may be a potential marker for melancholia. However, current understanding of this construct in depressive sub-types is limited. Method Participants were recruited from the Black Dog Institute (Sydney) and Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston). Diagnostic groups were derived on the basis of agreement between clinician and DSM-IV diagnosis from structured interviews. Currently depressed unipolar melancholic, non-melancholic and healthy control participants were administered a probabilistic reward task (PRT) to assess a behavioural correlate of anhedonia - blunted reward-based learning. Self-reported measures of anhedonia, approach and avoidance motivation were completed by the Sydney sample. Results Relative to healthy controls and non-melancholic participants, melancholic depressed participants had reduced response bias, highlighting blunted reward learning. Moreover, although non-melancholic participants were characterized by a delayed response bias, melancholic depressed participants failed to develop a bias throughout blocks. Response bias showed no associations with self-report measures of hedonic tone in depressed participants. Positive associations were observed between response bias, approach and avoidance motivation in non-melancholic participants only. Limitations Possible medication, fatigue and anxiety effects were not controlled; small sample sizes; inclusion criteria may have excluded those with severe melancholia and led to underestimation of group differences. Conclusions Melancholia is characterised by a reduced ability to modulate behaviour as a function of reward, and the motivational salience of rewarding stimuli may differ across depressive sub-types. Results support the view that melancholia is a distinct sub-type. Further exploration of reward system functioning in depressive sub-types is warranted.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anhedonia in melancholic and non-melancholic depressive disorders

Fletcher

Parker

Paterson

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

Self Cite

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“…70,71 Two published studies indicated no differences between controls and schizophrenia patients in developing a response bias in the RBPRT. 72,73 A third study indicated slowed response bias development in schizophrenia patients (Erican Duncan, personal communication). The original negative results may be related to the patients smoking status or negative symptom levels.…”

Section: Integrating Reward Feedback For Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Rodent Paradigms to Investigate Neuromechanisms Underlying Behaviors Relevant to Amotivation and Altered Reward Processing in Schizophrenia

Young

Markou

2015

SCHBUL

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Amotivation and reward-processing deficits have long been described in patients with schizophrenia and considered large contributors to patients' inability to integrate well in society. No effective treatments exist for these symptoms, partly because the neuromechanisms mediating such symptoms are poorly understood. Here, we propose a translational neuroscientific approach that can be used to assess reward/motivational deficits related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia using behavioral paradigms that can also be conducted in experimental animals. By designing and using objective laboratory behavioral tools that are parallel in their parameters in rodents and humans, the neuromechanisms underlying behaviors with relevance to these symptoms of schizophrenia can be investigated. We describe tasks that measure the motivation of rodents to expend physical and cognitive effort to gain rewards, as well as probabilistic learning tasks that assess both reward learning and feedback-based decision making. The latter tasks are relevant because of demonstrated links of performance deficits correlating with negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. These tasks utilize operant techniques in order to investigate neural circuits targeting a specific domain across species. These tasks therefore enable the development of insights into altered mechanisms leading to negative symptom-relevant behaviors in patients with schizophrenia. Such findings will then enable the development of targeted treatments for these altered neuromechanisms and behaviors seen in schizophrenia.

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“…As is the case with many putative endophenotypes for depression, reward learning may not be specific to depression. A recent study found that within a group of schizophrenics those with greater nicotine dependence failed to develop a bias to select the more valued stimuli (AhnAllen et al, 2012). …”

Section: Reward Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of selected candidate endophenotypes for depression

Goldstein

Klein

2014

Clinical Psychology Review

119

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Endophenotypes are proposed to occupy an intermediate position in the pathway between genotype and phenotype in genetically complex disorders such as depression. To be considered an endophenotype, a construct must meet a set of criteria proposed by Gottesman and Gould (2003). In this qualitative review, we summarize evidence for each criterion for several putative endophenotypes for depression: neuroticism, morning cortisol, frontal asymmetry of cortical electrical activity, reward learning, and biases of attention and memory. Our review indicates that while there is strong support for some depression endophenotypes, other putative endophenotypes lack data or have inconsistent findings for core criteria.

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The relationship between reward-based learning and nicotine dependence in smokers with schizophrenia

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Anhedonia in melancholic and non-melancholic depressive disorders

Anhedonia in melancholic and non-melancholic depressive disorders

Translational Rodent Paradigms to Investigate Neuromechanisms Underlying Behaviors Relevant to Amotivation and Altered Reward Processing in Schizophrenia

A review of selected candidate endophenotypes for depression

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