The relationship between resilience and levels of anxiety, depression, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in adolescents

Hjemdal, Odin; Vogel, Patrick A.; Solem, Stian; Hagen, Kristen; Stiles, Tore C.

doi:10.1002/cpp.719

Cited by 311 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In studies of nearly 400 younger adolescents (aged 13 to 15; Hjemdal et al, 2007), and 300 older adolescents (aged 14 to 18; Hjemdal et al, 2011), higher levels of resilience were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. Interestingly, in a sample of 1400 university students, positive cognitions mediated the relationship between resilience and depression such that students with higher levels of resilience had more positive cognitions and lower levels of depressive symptoms (Mak et al, 2011).…”

Section: Cognitive Schemas and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Researchers have begun to integrate resilience constructs into cognitive developmental theories of risk for depression (Hjemdal, Aune, Reinfjell, Stiles, & Friborg, 2007;Hjemdal, Vogel, Solem, Hagen, & Stiles, 2011;Keyfitz et al, 2012;Mak, Ng, & Wong, 2011) to better understand and prevent psychopathology (Masten, 2001;2011). In studies of nearly 400 younger adolescents (aged 13 to 15; Hjemdal et al, 2007), and 300 older adolescents (aged 14 to 18; Hjemdal et al, 2011), higher levels of resilience were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Cognitive Schemas and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience

Friedmann

Lumley

Lerman

2015

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

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Given that depression risk intensifies in adolescence, examining the course of depressive symptoms during the shift from childhood to adolescence is important for expanding knowledge about the etiology of depression. From a cognitive-developmental perspective, this study examined the stability of both positive and negative schemas in adolescence and whether these schemas could prospectively predict depressive symptoms and resilience in youth. One hundred ninety-eight participants (48 percent boys, 52 percent girls) between the ages of 9 and 14 were recruited from 4 elementary schools to complete measures of youth depressive symptoms, resilience, and schema content and organization. Those who consented to be re-contacted for a follow-up study were contacted one to three years later to complete the same measures online. The Time 2 sample consisted of 50 participants (54 percent boys, 46 percent girls). Negative and positive schema content and structure were stable over time. Depressive symptoms at Time 2 were hypothesized to be predicted by strong negative and weak positive schema content, tightly interconnected negative schema organization, and loosely interconnected positive schema organization at Time 1. The opposite patterns of association were hypothesized between schema content and structure and resilience. After controlling for age, sex and depressive symptoms /resilience at Time 1, negative schema content was the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms and resilience at Time 2. Implications for cognitive theories and clinical practice are discussed.iii Acknowledgements

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Section: Cognitive Schemas and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Cognitive Schemas and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience

Friedmann

Lumley

Lerman

2015

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

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“…Studies have shown that during adolescence people had higher resilience [8]. Hence, resilient people revert and recover their balance sooner after hardship and misfortune.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Depression and Life Satisfaction with Low Resilience among Married Women of Karachi, Pakistan

Bhamani¹,

Zahid²,

Azam³

et al. 2015

OJEpi

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Background: The concept of resilience is very crucial in promoting positive psychological wellbeing. However, this construct was never looked among married women of Karachi, Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and the associated risk factors of resilience in Pakistan. Methods: It was a cross-sectional survey, using the Wagnild Resilience Scale (RS) to assess resilience, Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) for measuring depression and Trait Wellbeing Inventory for determining Life Satisfaction. Systematic sampling was employed to enroll 636 participants of aged 20 to 40 years living in two urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. Prevalence ratio was computed with their 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 636 married women participated in the study. The average age of females with low resilience was 29.8 (5.7) whereas the mean age of females with high resilience was 31.1 (5.7). Around 90% of all the participants could speak in Urdu. The prevalence of low resilience among women was 21.9%. Moreover, the prevalence of depression among low resilience group was 43.9% whereas the mean life satisfaction score among females with low resilience was lower than females with high resilience. The females who had low resilience were younger and had no formal/informal education as compared to their counterparts. After controlling for other variables, the prevalence of low resilience was 1.78 times more among depressed females as compared to the non-depressed with a 95% CI: (1.27 -2.51). Moreover with every one unit increase in the life satisfaction scores, the prevalence of low resilience decreased 9%. Furthermore, age and informal schooling were also found to be significantly associated with resilience. Conclusion: Depression and life satisfaction are the potential modifiable risk factors for resilience and hence we can improve resilience through interven-* Corresponding author. S. S. Bhamani et al. 252tions that may focus on reducing depression and improving satisfaction towards life. Our study also recommends that health care professionals should be educated about these modifiable risk factors to bring about a change in the society and reduce the mental health illness by promoting constructive adaptation.

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“…For example, it is a schoolaged child's ability to make friends, engage in academic pursuits, be guided by primary caregivers, and engage in other behaviours acceptable in his or her society, as well as, be resistant to psychological illness, despite experiencing significant adversity (e.g., war, political oppression, poverty, and child abuse). Although initially, resilience theory focused on personal attributes such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, and hardiness [21], resilience is currently recognised as a multidimensional construct including personal characteristics and skills (e.g., active problem solving) as well as external protective factors such as a supportive family and social environment [22]. It is also conceptualised as a dynamic process that fluctuates according to age, gender, individual circumstance and developmental, historical, and cultural context ( [23]; see also [20]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be critical as research has found that poor resilience predicted the development of psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety [36], moderated the relationship between childhood adversity and psychiatric sequelae [37], or was a strong predictor of positive affect which in turn predicted depression and, to a lesser extent, anxiety [38]. Recent cross-sectional research with Norwegian adolescents has revealed a strong association between diminished resilience and psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety [22,39]. Thus, the psychological construct of resilience may be a critical element of any interventions to alleviate psychological symptomatology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and Its Association with Depression, Emotional and Behavioural Problems, and Mental Health Service Utilisation among Refugee Adolescents Living in South Australia

Ziaian

Anstiss

Antoniou

et al. 2012

International Journal of Population Research

100

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Background. Despite the frequency of traumatic or stressful events experienced by refugee children and adolescents prior to migration and following resettlement, the majority do not experience mental health problems emphasising the critical nature of resilience. While a host of factors deemed to be protective of mental health in young refugees have been identified, there has been little research exploring the role of resilience as a distinct psychological construct. This study aimed to explore the nature of psychological resilience in refugee adolescents and the relationship between resilience and depression, other emotional and behavioural problems, and mental health service uptake. Method. One hundred and seventy multiethnic refugee adolescents aged 13–17 from South Australia were administered a survey comprising the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results. Females tended to have higher resilience, as did those adolescents who had been living in Australia longer. Adolescents suffering from depressive symptoms or other emotional or behavioural problems had lower resilience. There was little evidence of an association between resilience scores and exposure to trauma or service utilisation. Discussion. Fostering resilience may be critical to efforts to prevent or reduce mental health problems in refugee adolescents.

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The relationship between resilience and levels of anxiety, depression, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in adolescents

Abstract: This study provides further evidence that it may be fruitful for clinicians and researchers to attend to resilience factors in relation to psychological symptoms among older adolescents.

Cited by 311 publications

References 40 publications

Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience

Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience

Association of Depression and Life Satisfaction with Low Resilience among Married Women of Karachi, Pakistan

Resilience and Its Association with Depression, Emotional and Behavioural Problems, and Mental Health Service Utilisation among Refugee Adolescents Living in South Australia

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