The relationship between post-stroke depression and physical recovery

Quality of life, anxiety, depression and burden among stroke caregivers: A longitudinal, observational multicentre study

“…Stroke has a significant impact on stroke survivors’ quality of life (QOL; Simeone, Savini, Cohen, Alvaro, & Vellone, ) because it is associated with several physical, psychological and social disabilities (Matsuzaki et al., ; Pucciarelli et al., ; Venna, Xu, Doran, Patrizz, & McCullough, ). Stroke also has a significant impact on informal caregivers’ lives (Godwin, Ostwald, Cron, & Wasserman, ; Roth et al., ; Simeone et al., ).…”

Physical Therapy for Cerebellar Ataxia

“…These scales include the measurement of not only incoordination movement of the upper and lower extremities but also balance in sitting, standing, and gait [10, 56,62]. The Berg balance scale (BBS) was most often used in previous studies to measure balance ability comprehensively [5,16,26,28,51,54,62,[65][66][67][68][69][70]. Timed up and go test [54,64,69], 10-m walk test [5,66], 2-min walking test [62], and 6-min walking test [10] were used to measure the gait ability in previous studies.…”

Development and initial validation of a clinical measure to assess early symptoms of post‐stroke depression in the acute stroke patient

“…However, the rates of patient morbidity and mortality due to major depression following stroke have been shown to as high as 70%–90% (Tang & Qiu, ). In poststroke patients, both major depression at 6 months and elevated rates of mortality at 12 and 24 months have been shown to be predicted by very early stroke‐related symptoms of depression within the first few weeks after a mild‐to‐moderate stroke (de Weerd, Rutgers, Groenier, & van der Meer, ; Joubert et al., ; Matsuzaki et al., ; Mazure, Weinberger, Pittman, Sibon, & Swendsen, ). Taken together, given the combined risk for depression onset and subsequent depression‐related morbidity and mortality, assessment of acute poststroke patients for early symptoms of depression has become standard practice.…”

“…The depression rating scales most commonly being used to assess stroke patients are the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Jiang, Lin, & Li, ; Srivastava, Taly, Gupta, & Murali, ), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Visser, Aben, Heijenbrok‐Kal, Busschbach, & Ribbers, ), the Geriatric Depression Scale (Sackley et al., ), the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale (Matsuzaki et al., ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (Park, Im, Oh, Lee, & Pae, ; Wei et al., ). Depression rating scales typically have been standardised with a wide variety of clinical and research populations, are easy to use and demonstrated reliability and validity as a measure of symptom severity.…”