The relationship between periodontal disease and cognitive impairment in older adults of Korea

Kim, Dong‐Hee; Han, Gyeong-Soon

doi:10.1111/scd.12657

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Growing evidence emphasizes the link between oral health and cognitive function in elderly people [ 4 – 6 ]. Indeed, many of the risk factors of systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular and circulatory diseases [ 7 – 9 ], rheumatoid arthritis [ 10 , 11 ], and Alzheimer’s disease [ 12 ], coincide with the ones of oral diseases [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-group-specific association of oral health and systemic health on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of Korean elders

Sin,

Kim,

Hwang

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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Background Although the importance of oral and systemic healthcare for elderly people is increasing owing to the rapid ageing of the population in South Korea, studies on the relationship between oral health, systemic health, and cognitive function, as well as on the prediction of cognitive function by oral and systemic health depending upon age groups are lacking. Methods We included 5,975 out of 6,488 participants from the 8th wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) panel data, divided the participants into three age groups, and performed a hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis to explain cognitive function with four types of predictors: oral health status, sociodemographic factors, objective health status, and subjective health status. Results Oral health status was positively correlated with systemic health status and cognitive function. Of all ages over 54, cognitive function was significantly predicted by oral health variables, such as the number of functional teeth, masticatory ability, and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); sociodemographic variables, such as age, sex, education level, and residence; and systemic health variables, such as diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, cancer or malignant tumours, cerebrovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis, depressive symptom, and self-rated health status. Oral health variables explained cognitive function differently by age group; GOHAI appeared important predictor in the group aged < 75 years, whereas the number of functional teeth did in the group aged ≥ 75 years. Educational level, masticatory ability, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health status were pivotal factors age-independently. Conclusions The general and age-group-specific association between oral health, systemic health, and cognitive function were confirmed, suggesting that age-group-specific oral healthcare should be emphasized for the effective management of systemic and cognitive health in the elderly group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-group-specific association of oral health and systemic health on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of Korean elders

Sin,

Kim,

Hwang

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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“…Regarding the association with AD pathologies, studies have suggested that, by using model mice and postmortem brains, periodontal pathogens and their enzymes could promote the A␤ depositions and tau phosphorylation [28][29][30]. In humans, associations between the biofilm-gingival interface (BGI) index [31] and cognitive impairment have been reported in four studies [32][33][34][35]. Two of these studies indicated an association of the BGI index with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score [34,35], while the others reported no such links [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, associations between the biofilm-gingival interface (BGI) index [31] and cognitive impairment have been reported in four studies [32][33][34][35]. Two of these studies indicated an association of the BGI index with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score [34,35], while the others reported no such links [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Tooth Loss with Alzheimer’s Disease Tau Pathologies Assessed by Positron Emission Tomography

Matsumoto,

Tagai,

Endo

et al. 2023

JAD

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Background: Deterioration of the oral environment is one of the risk factors for dementia. A previous study of an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model mouse suggests that tooth loss induces denervation of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus and neuroinflammation, possibly leading to accelerated tau dissemination from the nearby locus coeruleus (LC). Objective: To elucidate the relevance of oral conditions and amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathologies in human participants. Methods: We examined the number of remaining teeth and the biofilm–gingival interface index in 24 AD-spectrum patients and 19 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). They also underwent positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of Aβ and tau with specific radiotracers, 11C-PiB and 18F-PM-PBB3, respectively. All AD-spectrum patients were Aβ-positive, and all HCs were Aβ-negative. We analyzed the correlation between the oral parameters and radiotracer retention. Results: No differences were found in oral conditions between the AD and HC groups. 11C-PiB retentions did not correlate with the oral indices in either group. In AD-spectrum patients, brain-wide, voxel-based image analysis highlighted several regions, including the LC and associated brainstem substructures, as areas where 18F-PM-PBB3 retentions negatively correlated with the remaining teeth and revealed the correlation of tau deposits in the LC (r = –0.479, p = 0.018) primarily with the hippocampal and neighboring areas. The tau deposition in none of the brain regions was associated with the periodontal status. Conclusions: Our findings with previous preclinical evidence imply that tooth loss may enhance AD tau pathogenesis, promoting tau spreading from LC to the hippocampal formation.

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“…Periodontitis and cognitive impairment are problems that often occur in the elderly. Studies have shown a link between periodontitis and cognitive impairment [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Sung et al found that periodontitis was significantly correlated with impaired cognitive domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Red and Orange Complex Subgingival Microbiome of Cognitive Impairment and Cognitively Normal Elderly with Periodontitis

et al. 2022

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Increasing evidence has shown an association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment. Subgingival microbiota play a great role in periodontitis pathogenesis. However, the correlation between the subgingival microbiome and cognitive impairment remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the red and orange complex subgingival microbiome of cognitively impaired and cognitively normal elderly Indonesian subjects with periodontitis. Twenty-eight elderly subjects diagnosed with periodontitis underwent two cognitive examinations using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Gingival crevicular fluid taken from the periodontal pocket, at a depth between 5 and 7 mm, using a paper point was used as the subgingival samples. The subgingival microbiome in the cognitive impairment group (n = 14) and cognitively normal group (n = 14) was compared using the 16S rRNA Metagenomic iSeq™ 100 Sequencing System. There was β-diversity in the subgingival microbiota between the cognitively impaired and cognitively normal subjects. The metagenomic analysis showed a higher abundance of Porphyromonas and Treponema bacteria in the cognitive impairment group than in the normal cognitive group (p < 0.05). The abundance of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola was higher in the cognitively impaired elderly subjects. The role of P. gingivalis and T. denticola in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment needs further investigation.

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The relationship between periodontal disease and cognitive impairment in older adults of Korea

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Age-group-specific association of oral health and systemic health on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of Korean elders

Age-group-specific association of oral health and systemic health on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of Korean elders

Association of Tooth Loss with Alzheimer’s Disease Tau Pathologies Assessed by Positron Emission Tomography

The Red and Orange Complex Subgingival Microbiome of Cognitive Impairment and Cognitively Normal Elderly with Periodontitis

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