The Relationship Between Perceived Burdensomeness and Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Mediating Role of Pain Self-Efficacy

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: The majority of patients living with chronic pain faces several challenges; therefore, factors affecting their adaptation to the disease to provide appropriate therapeutic methods and meditation and relaxation therapy should be identified. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and psychosocial adjustment, and the mediating role of pain self-efficacy. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 240 patients with chronic pain referred to the orthopedic centers in Ardabil in 2019 selected by convenience sampling. Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale, Pain Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire were used for data collection. Also, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS V. 19 and AMOS V. 21. Results: The findings confirmed the negative and direct effect of perceived burdensomeness (β = -0.11 and P &lt; 0.01), as well as the positive and direct effect of pain self-efficacy (β = 0.86 and P &lt; 0.01) on psychosocial adjustment. On the other hand, perceived burdensomeness (β = -0.32, P &lt; 0.01) had a negative and direct effect on pain self-efficacy. The indirect effect of perceived burdensomeness and pain self-efficacy on psychosocial adjustment to illness was also confirmed. Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the feelings of pain self-efficacy mediate the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and psychosocial adjustment in patients with chronic pain. That can also be important for the patient and their caregivers in relation to other chronic illnesses. Chronic diseases can also affect patients and their caregivers.</jats:p>

Evaluating the Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Pain Self-efficacy with Psychosocial Adjustment in Athletes with Chronic Pain Considering the Mediating Role of Mental Fatigue

“…The results of this research are consistent with some previous studies (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) indicating that fatigue is associated with high levels of depression and anxiety and can affect the patient's ability to return to normal daily life. Besharat et al (32) also showed that the level of psychological distress had a significant negative relationship with patients' perceived improvement.…”

“…The patient's score on this scale varies between zero and 60, and a higher score indicates a higher sense of self-efficacy in the population experiencing chronic pain. This questionnaire was standardized in Iran, and its validity and reliability were confirmed (19,26).…”

“…Some studies also showed that pain-related self-efficacy can directly and indirectly predict the quality of life in patients with rheumatism (18) and enhance patients' physical activity. Therefore, pain selfefficacy can predict pain and pain-related disabilities and fatigue in patients with chronic pain (19). Research results indicate that high coping self-efficacy athletes were better able to cope with the acute stressor, adjust their behaviors in a timely manner according to the results of their coping, and focus more on processing positive information (20).…”

“…Due to the multidimensionality of the factors involved in the occurrence, persistence, and exacerbation of pain, in addition to drug therapies, improving the psychological level of patients has been recently considered to reduce the problems caused by this disease (19). Training adaptive skills to the patients and proper coping strategies are important to reduce or manage psychological stress in patients with chronic pain.…”

The relationship between meaning of life, perceived social support, spiritual well-being and pain catastrophizing with quality of life in migraine patients: the mediating role of pain self-efficacy

“…Living with chronic pain is associated with significant emotional stress [ 42 ], in this condition another important cognitive variable in coping with pain is self-efficacy, which refers to an individual's assessment of his or her ability to control behaviors [ 43 ]. Pain-related self-efficacy as a perceived ability is: (A) To continue normal daily functioning despite pain and, (B) Control and cope with pain symptoms [ 44 ].…”