The relationship between nocturnal blood pressure drop and body composition indices among hypertensive patients

Abstract

Among hypertensive subjects, the lack of physiological blood pressure drop as part of diurnal blood pressure variations is termed as non‐dipper blood pressure. Herein, we investigated the relationship between hypertension character and body composition indices. This study included a total of 104 patients (54 M, mean age: 47.6 ± 12.1 years). Patients' heights, weights, and waist and hip circumferences were measured, and body composition indices were calculated. All patients' office blood pressure measurements and 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure readings were recorded. A blood pressure drop of at least 10% compared with daytime blood pressure readings is called dipper blood pressure, while a drop of less than 10% is termed as non‐dipper blood pressure. Based on ambulatory blood pressure readings, the patients were grouped into Group 1 (dipper pattern; 51 pts, 34 M, mean age 45.6 ± 12.3) and Group 2 (non‐dipper pattern, 53 pts; 20 M, mean age 49.6 ± 11.6). The proportion of females and smokers were significantly lower in Group 1 than Group 2. BRI, BAI, waist‐to‐height ratio, and waist circumference were significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1. There were significant positive correlations between body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist‐to‐weight ratio, and WC and nocturnal mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings. Percent systolic nocturnal drop was significantly correlated with waist‐to‐height ratio, BAI, and BRI. Similarly, percent diastolic nocturnal drop and waist‐to‐height ratio, BAI, and BRI were correlated. In conclusion, the relatively new body composition indices, namely BRI and BAI, are more closely related to nocturnal blood pressure readings among non‐dipper subjects.

Effectiveness of Body Roundness Index (BRI) and a Body Shape Index (ABSI) in Predicting Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

“…The BRI was designed to determine both the amount of visceral adipose tissue and body fat using WC in relation to height, which allows estimation of the shape of the human body figure as an oval or ellipse [ 35 ]. Several observational studies have revealed that the BRI could be utilized as an adipose indicator to assess the existence of hypertension or high BP [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. On the other hand, ABSI is the most researched anthropometric index so far [ 31 , 71 ] and is based on WC adjusted for height and weight.…”

“…In addition, several observational studies have shown its relationship with hypertension or high BP [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Observational studies have compared the prediction of hypertension by BRI and ABSI with classical anthropometric indices [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], however, there is currently no systematic review and meta-analysis showing whether BRI is a better predictor of hypertension than ABSI, WHtR, WC or BMI. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether BRI and ABSI are better predictors of hypertension than BMI, WC or WHtR.…”

The Rationale for Using Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy in the Management of Hypertension in Colombia: A Narrative Review

“…Women are also more likely than men to show a BP drop of < 10% at night (non-dipper profile) [ 47 ], a profile that is associated with increased cardiovascular risk [ 48 ]. Therefore, women may benefit from a combination containing amlodipine (a long-acting CCB) to maintain 24-h BP control.…”

The influence of body composition and fat distribution on circadian blood pressure rhythm and nocturnal mean arterial pressure dipping in patients with obesity

“…A study that examined the association between measures of central obesity and circadian BP profile in 104 adult patients, found that WC and waist-to-height ratio were significantly higher in non-dippers. It also found that the percentage of systolic and diastolic nocturnal drop was significantly correlated with waist-to-height ratio [ 41 ]. In contrast, the authors of a Korean study involving 1290 subjects found no association between central obesity (defined as having a waist circumference ≥90 cm in males and ≥ 85 cm in females) and nocturnal dipping patterns.…”