The Relationship between Negative Affect and Reported Cognitive Failures

Payne, Tabitha W.; Schnapp, Michael

doi:10.1155/2014/396195

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Higher cognitive failures were found to be related to negative affect (Payne & Schnapp, 2014), neuroticism (Wilhelm, Witthöft, & Schipolowski, 2010) and trait anxiety (Mahoney et al, 1998), whilst hypomania was associated with lower scores (Rodriguez et al, 2013). Cognitive failures were proposed to be one of multiple phenomena seen in people with these particular personality traits, and self-awareness was considered to be significant in the interpretation of these findings.…”

Section: Personality and Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A systematic review of cognitive failures in daily life: Healthy populations

Carrigan

Barkus

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

128

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Cognitive failures are minor errors in thinking reported by clinical and non-clinical individuals during everyday life. It is not yet clear how subjectively-reported cognitive failures relate to objective neuropsychological ability. We aimed to consolidate the definition of cognitive failures, outline evidence for the relationship with objective cognition, and develop a unified model of factors that increase cognitive failures. We conducted a systematic review of cognitive failures, identifying 45 articles according to the PRISMA statement. Failures were defined as reflecting proneness to errors in 'real world' planned thought and action. Vulnerability to failures was not consistently associated with objective cognitive performance. A range of stable and variable factors were linked to increased risk of cognitive failures. We conclude that cognitive failures measure real world cognitive capacity rather than pure 'unchallenged' ability. Momentary state may interact with predisposing trait factors to increase the likelihood of failures occurring. Inclusion of selfreported cognitive failures in objective cognitive research will increase the translational relevance of ability into more ecologically valid aspects of real world functioning. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Section: Personality and Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, day-to-day cognitive failures seem to increase reliably in response to poor sleep quality and low mood (Payne & Schnapp, 2014;Wilkerson et al, 2011), as well as high anxiety (Mahoney et al, 1998;Mecacci et al, 2004). Also unsurprisingly, the environment and current activity influence failures as well.…”

Section: Variable Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of cognitive failures in daily life: Healthy populations

Carrigan

Barkus

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

128

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“…They are associated with a range of negative affects including anxiety at the level of both generally heightened arousal [21] and, at the extreme, fear [22] , stress [23] , subclinical depression [24] , and guilt [22] . Given the shared link between negative affect and both schizotypy and cognitive failures, it may be that negative affect is a key contributor to high schizotypes' experience of cognitive failures in their everyday lives.…”

Section: Affective Reactivity In Schizotypymentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypy and Cognitive Failures: A Mediating Role for Affect

Carrigan¹,

Barkus²

2017

Psychopathology

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Background: Cognitive failures are disruptions in cognitive functioning during everyday life. Vulnerability to these failures is increased in a range of psychological disorders, including schizophrenia. In addition, healthy individuals with personality-based psychosis proneness, or schizotypy, often complain of heightened failures. A factor known to exacerbate cognitive failures is negative affect. Negative affectivity is linked to both schizophrenia and schizotypy. It is therefore possible that affect is responsible for the increased everyday cognitive failures in “high schizotypes”. This poses 2 possibilities: are cognitive failures only present in high schizotypes who also have negative affect (moderation)? Or does negative affect account for the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures (mediation)? We sought to explore whether negative affect mediates or moderates the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures in young adults. Sampling and Methods: Healthy young adults from a student and community sample (n = 863, 71% female) aged 18-25 years (mean = 19.5, SD = 1.87) completed online questionnaires measuring self-report schizotypy, negative affect, and cognitive failures. Moderation and mediation analyses were carried out using the PROCESS macro in SPSS to examine how negative affect exerted its effect on the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures. Results: All 3 factors were positively correlated. Negative affect was not a moderator for the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures; however, it did partially mediate this relationship. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that whilst schizotypy and negative affect do not interact to produce cognitive failures, negative affect contributes to (but does not fully account for) the mechanism by which schizotypy increases failures in young adults. Other, as yet unidentified, facets of schizotypy also appear to contribute to cognitive failures. In attempting to address the cognitive complaints of at-risk individuals, clinicians need to be aware of the role of negative affect and other pertinent aspects of schizotypy.

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“…Therefore, it was decided to not include papers that reported only patients with language impairment; (6) assessed cognition using an objective standardised quantitative measure. Studies using self-report assessments of cognition were not included as these have been shown to be more closely correlated with mood and confidence than cognitive function (Payne & Schnapp, 2014); (7) examined the relation between fatigue, as defined and specified in (3) and (4) above, and cognition, as defined and specified in (5) and (6) above. There were no restrictions regarding publication time or language.…”

Section: Type Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%