The Relationship Between Maternal Stress and Boys' ADHD Symptoms and Quality of Life: An Australian Prospective Cohort Study

Evans, Subhadra; Sciberras, Emma; Mulraney, Melissa

doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2019.09.029

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The main idea to be highlighted is that characteristics of early home environments, including maternal depression, a lax discipline style, and parenting stress, were long-term predictors of ADHD symptom stability, EF impairments, and low quality of life. The effects of the family climate variable observed in our results are similar to those identified in previous longitudinal studies [24,27,31,33,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful resources to cope with raising a child with ADHD had a favorable effect on the evolution of the symptoms of the disorder. By contrast, coinciding with a recent study [31], our study detected a negative relationship between the parents' stress during their offspring's childhood and the child's later quality of life in different areas of daily life, such as health, mood, work, leisure activities, or social relationships. Clearly, the experiences of exhaustion, anxiety, and helplessness associated with caring for a child with ADHD provoke high levels of daily stress, eroding the family's overall quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The link between childhood ADHD and externalizing and internalizing symptoms in adulthood has been found to be mediated by the mother's stress [30]. Furthermore [31], maternal stress was found to be a risk factor for poor quality of life (QoL) in children with ADHD. Nevertheless, as the systemic perspective states, the relationships between the parenting style and ADHD are complex and have a bidirectional effect [32], so that greater maternal overreactive parenting and stress predicted more child ADHD symptoms, and, in turn, greater child ADHD symptoms significantly predicted higher maternal stress and depressive symptoms [33].…”

Section: Family Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Contribution of Family, Behavioral, and Neuropsychological Factors to Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Young Adults with ADHD: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study

et al. 2021

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The persistent nature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the role of behavioral factors in its continuity have been widely documented in the literature. However, less is known about the role of early family and neuropsychological factors in predicting later adaptive functioning and quality of life in individuals with ADHD. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of early family, behavioral, and neuropsychological factors to long-term functional outcomes in young adults with ADHD. Family (parental mood disorders, family risk index, parenting stress, coherence), behavioral (oppositionism, inattention, emotional lability, hyperactivity), and cognitive factors were examined at baseline. Twelve years later, daily life functioning, quality of life, and executive and behavioral functioning were also evaluated in 61 young adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD. Results revealed significant correlations between most of the family and behavioral factors at baseline and the long-term functional outcomes. Specifically, multiple regressions showed that mothers’ depression and laxness predicted later quality of life, executive functioning, and the hyperactivity index, and mothers’ depression and parenting stress at baseline also significantly predicted the hyperactivity index. Oppositionism behavior and inhibition were also significant predictors of the hyperactivity index. Therefore, understanding the family, behavioral, and neuropsychological factors that can contribute to later quality of life, daily functioning, and behavioral and executive functions is a particularly critical issue in detecting and planning efficacious ADHD interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Family Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contribution of Family, Behavioral, and Neuropsychological Factors to Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Young Adults with ADHD: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study

et al. 2021

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“…As concerns the association between maternal stress and children’s behavioral problems, our findings linking maternal stress to children’s externalizing symptoms are consistent with a body of literature that indicates a correlation between externalizing symptoms and parental stress levels both in TD [ 88 ] and in a wide range of NDDs and genetic diseases, such as ASD [ 88 , 89 , 90 ], ADHD [ 24 , 85 , 91 ], language disorder [ 24 ], Angelman syndrome [ 92 ], and WS [ 48 , 93 ]. This provides clear indications for future studies for taking into account the measurement of parental stress when evaluating the effects of interventions focused on externalizing symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Fucà

Costanzo

Ursumando

et al. 2022

JCM

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Parenting stress has deleterious effects on parents, children, and overall family functioning. Parents of children with intellectual disability, including Down Syndrome (DS), show higher levels of parenting stress than parents of typically developing children. This research aimed to (i) evaluate parenting stress levels in a group of mothers of youths with DS using a parent-report questionnaire, (ii) identify children’s individual and clinical features associated with maternal stress, and (iii) identify specific situational life/demographics factors related to maternal stress. Seventy-eight youths with DS underwent a neuropsychological evaluation, whereas mothers completed questionnaires for the assessment of parenting stress and of the child’s emotional and behavioral problems. We found that Parent–Child Difficult Interaction was the domain with the highest percentage of clinical scores (39.7%). Both internalizing and externalizing problems correlated with maternal stress, as well as autistic symptoms. The levels of maternal stress were not associated with any socio-demographic variable. After controlling for child-related correlates of maternal stress and for mothers’ age and education level, unemployed mothers exhibited higher levels of parental distress than employed mothers. The present study highlights that unemployment is related with parenting stress and potentially amenable to policy interventions supporting parents in combining work and family care.

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“…Besides, a positive association has been established between children’s ADHD symptoms and parenting stress, the more ADHD symptoms that children have the higher stress level that the parents will experience ( Bonifacci et al, 2019 ). Furthermore, maternal stress level was found to be a significant predictor for children’s later ADHD symptoms severity ( Evans et al, 2020 ). Taken together, it suggests that the relationship between children’s ADHD symptoms and parenting stress appears to be circular, parenting stress will lead to children’s problem behaviors which in turn will increase parental stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of mindfulness parent training on parenting stress and children’s ADHD-related behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lee

Chan

et al. 2022

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Background/Objective Literature shows that there is a circular relationship between children’s ADHD-related behaviors and parenting stress. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand if mindfulness parent trainings have benefits for both parenting stress and the problem behaviors in children with ADHD. Methods Five databases, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMED, and Web of Science, were searched. Within-group effects at post-treatment and follow-up assessment, and between-group effects at post-treatment were analyzed. Effect sizes (Hedges’ g) were also calculated. Results Ten studies (5 RCTs and 5 non-RCTs) met the selection criteria and were selected for systematic review, and nine of them were included for meta-analysis. Among these 10 studies, five studies involved mindfulness training for both parents and children, while the other five studies involved mindfulness training for parents only. Within-group effects at post-treatment were small-to-large for all outcomes. Hedges’ g ranged between −0.17 [95% CI (−0.98, 0.64)] and 4.70 [95% CI (3.59, 5.81)] for parenting stress; 0.17 [95% CI (−0.03, 0.37)] and 4.03 [95% CI (2.97, 5.09)] for children’s problem behaviors; and 0.20 [95% CI (−0.10, 0.50)] and 2.98 [95% CI (2.16, 3.80)] for children’s ADHD symptoms. Between-group comparisons showed mindfulness parent training was superior to other active controls on all outcomes. Conclusion Findings suggest that mindfulness parent training may be beneficial for parenting stress and children’s ADHD-related behaviors, and due to the small number of studies reviewed, cautions should be taken when interpreting the results.

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The Relationship Between Maternal Stress and Boys' ADHD Symptoms and Quality of Life: An Australian Prospective Cohort Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Contribution of Family, Behavioral, and Neuropsychological Factors to Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Young Adults with ADHD: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study

Contribution of Family, Behavioral, and Neuropsychological Factors to Long-Term Functional Outcomes in Young Adults with ADHD: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study

Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Effectiveness of mindfulness parent training on parenting stress and children’s ADHD-related behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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