The relationship between maternal responsivity, socioeconomic status, and resting autonomic nervous system functioning in Mexican American children

Johnson, Megan; Deardorff, Julianna; Davis, Elizabeth L.; Martínez, William; Eskenazi, Brenda; Alkon, Abbey

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.02.010

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Visit‐level variance that does not follow a coherent linear pattern could reflect the cumulative effects of experiential stress (e.g., allostatic load) contributing to within‐individual change that varies across children (Hinnant, El‐Sheikh, Keiley, & Buckhalt, ). Previous studies have reported associations between changes in cardiac physiology over time and experiential factors such as family stress (Hinnant et al, ) and maternal sensitivity (Johnson et al, ). Broader contextual factors such as poverty (see Gatzke‐Kopp, ; Johnson et al, ) and basic demographic factors such as sex and/or race (see Gatzke‐Kopp, ; Hinnant et al, ) may be additional sources of individual differences in developmental change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported associations between changes in cardiac physiology over time and experiential factors such as family stress (Hinnant et al, ) and maternal sensitivity (Johnson et al, ). Broader contextual factors such as poverty (see Gatzke‐Kopp, ; Johnson et al, ) and basic demographic factors such as sex and/or race (see Gatzke‐Kopp, ; Hinnant et al, ) may be additional sources of individual differences in developmental change. These findings suggest that studies seeking to examine factors that induce such allostatic adaptation in children of this age should seek to predict changes in cardiac physiology over time rather than between‐person differences at a given time point, given that only 50% of the variance in a single assessment may be attributable to such influences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental dynamics of autonomic function in childhood

Gatzke‐Kopp

Ram

2018

Psychophysiology

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There is a paucity of developmental data examining the stability of autonomic function during childhood, and even less is known regarding the extent of coordination between autonomic branches. To address this, autonomic measures of sympathetic (cardiac pre-ejection period, PEP; electrodermal activity, and EDA) and parasympathetic (respiratory sinus arrhythmia and RSA) function were collected from 339 children annually from kindergarten to second grade. Physiology was quantified into 31 epochs 30 s in length, across a series of baselines and emotion-inducing films. Rank-order stability was observed for all three indices, but was higher for cardiac than electrodermal measures. A series of multilevel models was used to identify the proportion of variance in psychophysiological function attributable to the individual (trait), visit (potential developmental change), or epoch (reactivity to task). Both PEP and RSA had sizeable components of individual-level variance, with PEP showing very small variance attributable to experimental task. In contrast, variance in EDA was largely attributable to task epoch. Variance decompositions of the parasympathetic-sympathetic coordination (e.g., RSA-EDA) suggest that the branches of the autonomic system are prototypically cooperative, but evidence did not indicate traitlike stability or linear developmental change. The extent of coordination was moderated by emotional context, indicating that autonomic coordination varies dynamically within individuals. These findings have implications for future work attempting to identify the contextual, experiential, and demographic factors that modulate developmental trajectories of autonomic function and coordination, and for examination of how developmental changes in autonomic psychophysiology are related to or predict behavioral trajectories across a range of psychological domains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental dynamics of autonomic function in childhood

Gatzke‐Kopp

Ram

2018

Psychophysiology

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“…Evaluation of the influence of hereditary factors, prenatal exposures, or postnatal environmental factors such as parenting quality, could highlight individual differences in the development of resting RSA among low‐income Mexican American infants (e.g., Alkon et al, ). For example, previous work has shown that more positive maternal responsivity predicts a steeper RSA trajectory from 1 to 5 years of age among Mexican American infants (Johnson et al, ). Future work should also extend the current findings by assessing developmental changes in resting RSA alongside cognitive and behavioral correlates (e.g., social competence) in order to better understand emotional development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: Modeling longitudinal change from 6 weeks to 2 years of age among low‐income Mexican Americans

Jewell

Suk

Luecken

2017

Developmental Psychobiology

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Parasympathetically-mediated heart rate variability (HRV), commonly indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), is theorized to support the physiological regulation of emotion; however, little is known about the trajectory of change in resting RSA across early development among high-risk populations for whom emotion regulation is crucial. This study characterized resting RSA change from 6 weeks to 2 years of age among 312 low-income Mexican American infants. RSA was assessed longitudinally at 6, 12, 18, 24, 52, 78, and 104 weeks of age. On average, resting RSA increased as infants aged, and this change accelerated over time. There was significant variance between infants in resting RSA at 6 weeks of age, and in the slope, and acceleration of resting RSA change. Intraclass correlation among infants' resting RSA measures was minimal, indicating that resting RSA may not be "trait-like" during infancy. Results characterize early RSA development among a high-risk sample, which can inform theoretical understanding of the development of emotional, and behavioral self-regulation in a high-risk population, as well as efforts to promote wellbeing across early childhood.

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“…Finally, the current investigation coded RSA using age-adjusted respiratory frequency bands to account for children's higher rates of breathing (i.e., 0.15-0.8 Hz; Johnson et al, 2017). However, as noted by Shader et al (2018), this range includes adult respiratory frequencies (i.e., those falling below 0.28 Hz), which may have introduced noise into our RSA calculations and underestimated children's parasympathetic reactivity patterns.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's physiological reactivity in emotion contexts and prosocial behavior

2019

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Introduction Building on prior evidence that prosocial behavior is related to the regulation of personal distress in difficult situations, and given that physiological regulation is a central contributor to effective emotion regulation, this investigation evaluated whether and how children's autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity during emotion challenges influenced later expressions of prosocial behavior. Methods The current study utilized a diverse sample of school‐aged children (N = 169; 47.9% female; 47.3% Latinx) to evaluate relations between children's parasympathetic (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) and sympathetic (i.e., pre‐ejection period; PEP) reactivity in response to each of three film‐elicited emotion challenges (i.e., sadness, happiness, and fear) at age 7 and both observed and parent‐reported prosocial behavior one year later. Results Children's parasympathetic reactivity to a film eliciting sadness evidenced a nonlinear relation with later prosocial sharing such that children who evidenced either RSA withdrawal or augmentation in response to the sad emotion challenge engaged in higher levels of prosocial behavior than children who evidenced relatively low or absent reactivity. Parasympathetic reactivity to films eliciting happiness or fear was not significantly related to later prosocial behavior. Likewise, children's sympathetic reactivity in response to the emotion challenges did not significantly predict later prosocial behavior. Conclusions These findings provide preliminary support for a nonlinear association between children's parasympathetic emotion reactivity and later prosocial behavior, and suggest that children's ANS regulation in sad emotion contexts may be particularly important for understanding prosocial development.

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The relationship between maternal responsivity, socioeconomic status, and resting autonomic nervous system functioning in Mexican American children

Cited by 28 publications

References 69 publications

Developmental dynamics of autonomic function in childhood

Developmental dynamics of autonomic function in childhood

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: Modeling longitudinal change from 6 weeks to 2 years of age among low‐income Mexican Americans

Children's physiological reactivity in emotion contexts and prosocial behavior

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