The Relationship between Korean Adolescents’ Sports Participation, Internal Health Locus of Control, and Wellness during COVID-19

Lee, Dae-Jung; So, Wi-Young; Lee, Seungman

doi:10.3390/ijerph18062950

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, Saturday sports day and various extracurricular and leisure activities were restricted, resulting in decreased awareness and performance of physical activities. This is in line with the findings of Lee, So, and Lee [28] and Bronikowska et al [29], which revealed that physical activity levels decreased due to the effects of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Similarly, previous studies revealed that COVID-19 increased depression, anxiety, social isolation, maladjustment, and stress in adolescents, and it deteriorated the physical health of adolescents [22][23][24][25][26]. COVID-19 was also found to have increased the number of obese adolescents [27], and decreased physical activity [28,29]. In addition, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of adolescents decreased [30] and their lifestyle deteriorated during the pandemic [21,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Comparison of Health Awareness in South Korean Middle School Students According to Type of Online Physical Education Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yoo

Han

Youn

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Coronavirus disease 2019 popularized online classes to prevent educational deficits affected by the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the differences in the importance and performance of health awareness in Korean middle school students according to the types of online physical education classes they attended during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Overall, 583 participants were selected using a convenience sampling method; the data were obtained through an online survey using Google forms. Frequency analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, and importance–performance analysis were performed. First, the differences between importance and performance were found to be the most for sleep and physical activity management, and the least for disease and hygiene management. In addition, both groups demonstrated higher importance and performance for hygiene and disease management. There were significant differences in the importance and performance of all the sub-factors. Second, hygiene, disease management, and mental health management were found in quadrant I in both groups, while physical activity, sleep, and dietary habit management were in quadrant III. No factors were in quadrants II and IV. Correspondingly, there was no significant difference in adolescents’ health awareness between the assignment-based online group and interactive online group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Comparison of Health Awareness in South Korean Middle School Students According to Type of Online Physical Education Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yoo

Han

Youn

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Demographic characteristics of the participants were evaluated using questions concerning sex, school level, frequency of participation in exercise, exercise intensity, and period of participation in exercise. Participation in sports was defined based on the sports participation classification model of Snyder [24], and the reliability and validity of the scale used were verified by Lee et al [25]. Snyder's [24] classification of sports participation consisted of three sub-variables (cognitive, behavioral, and affective participation) with three items each, and a total of nine items.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Relationship between Korean Adolescent’s Sports Participation, Optimism, Pessimism, Self-Regulation, and Coronavirus-Related Stress in the Pandemic Situation

Song

Lee

2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to examine the relationships between sports participation, optimism/pessimism, self-regulation, and coronavirus-related stress in Korean adolescents during the pandemic situation. Specifically, we attempted to offer valuable information that could help to alleviate coronavirus-related stress in adolescents by promoting participation in sports and the development of optimism and self-regulation. To achieve this aim, we conducted an online survey of 836 Korean adolescents in the pilot and main studies. Confirmatory factor, frequency, path, reliability, descriptive statistical, and multimedia analyses were performed. Our findings indicated several differences for each variable according to demographic characteristics. Sports participation exerted a positive effect on optimism (p < 0.001) and self-regulation (p < 0.01) and negative effects on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.05) and pessimism (p < 0.001). In addition, optimism exerted a positive effect on self-regulation (p < 0.001) and a negative effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.001), while pessimism exerted a negative effect on self-regulation (p < 0.01) and a positive effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.001). Further analysis indicated that self-regulation had a negative effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need for youth educational institutions to encourage adolescents to participate in sports and for organizing bodies to suggest various policies and provide education that can assist them in properly coping with and overcoming coronavirus-related stress by strengthening their optimistic attitude and self-regulation ability.

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“…Therefore, people believe that they themselves, other powerful people, and chance can affect their health condition [ 22 ]. People with higher IHLC have more positive health habits and motivation to stay healthy [ 24 ]. Some studies during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate that higher levels of IHLC are associated with better mental health [ 20 ], reduced risk of suicide [ 25 ], and improved well-being [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between health locus of control and perceived stress in college student during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study in Iran

et al. 2021

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic as a global mental health crisis has affected everyone, including students. The present study aimed to determine and investigate the relationship between health locus of control and perceived stress in students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences (southern Iran) during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods The present cross-sectional study examined 250 students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. We performed simple random sampling and utilized the demographic information form, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale (MHLCS) by Wallston, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen to collect data. We analyzed data using the SPSS, Pearson correlation coefficient, and the hierarchical regression model with an error level of 5%. Results The mean perceived stress was 30.74 ± 8.09, and 92.4% of the students had moderate and high stress levels. Among the components of the health locus of control, the internal health locus of control (IHLC) had the highest mean in students (27.55 ± 3.81). Furthermore, the internal health locus of control (R = − 0.30, P < 0.001) had a significant inverse relationship, with perceived stress and the chance health locus of control (CHLC) (R = 0.30, P < 0.001) had a significant direct relationship. In the final regression model, the health locus of control and all the variables predicted 22.7% of the perceived stress variation in students during the COVID-19 period. Conclusion The results indicated that the internal health locus of control was associated with a reduction of perceived stress, and the powerful others health locus of control (PHLC) was related to its increase in students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the uncertain future, in the present work, universities are suggested to design web-based educational interventions alongside the curriculum to further strengthen the internal health locus of control and thus help reduce their perceived stress.

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The Relationship between Korean Adolescents’ Sports Participation, Internal Health Locus of Control, and Wellness during COVID-19

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Comparison of Health Awareness in South Korean Middle School Students According to Type of Online Physical Education Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Comparison of Health Awareness in South Korean Middle School Students According to Type of Online Physical Education Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Structural Relationship between Korean Adolescent’s Sports Participation, Optimism, Pessimism, Self-Regulation, and Coronavirus-Related Stress in the Pandemic Situation

Association between health locus of control and perceived stress in college student during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study in Iran

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