The relationship between inflammatory cytokines and in‐hospital complications of acute pancreatitis

Abstract

ObjectiveAcute necrotic collection (ANC), acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC), pleural effusion, and ascites are common early complications of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 12 serum cytokines and the early complications and severity of acute pancreatitis (AP).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 307 patients with AP, and divided them into severe group and mild‐to‐moderate group according to the revised Atlanta classification. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between cytokine levels and early complications of AP.ResultsSerum levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐17, and tumor necrosis factor‐α were significantly higher in the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group than in the non‐SAP group (p < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the upper quartiles of IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 were associated with an increased risk of ANC compared with those in the lowest quartile (IL‐6: quartile 3, odds ratio [OR] = 3.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.95–8.16; IL‐8: quartile 4, OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.27–4.84; IL‐10: quartile 2, OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.09–4.56). APFC was associated with high serum levels of IL‐6 (quartile 3, OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02–1.72), pleural effusions were associated with high serum levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 (IL‐1β: quartile 4, OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.21–4.58; IL‐6: quartile 3, OR = 4.67, 95% CI = 2.27–9.61; IL‐8: quartile 3, OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.51–5.79; IL‐10: quartile 4, OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.61–6.36), and high serum levels of IL‐6 and IL‐10 were associated with an increased risk of ascites (IL‐6: quartile 3, OR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.42–6.37; IL‐10: quartile 3, OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.23–5.37).ConclusionSerum cytokine levels, including IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 may be associated with the occurrence of early complications of AP. In daily clinical practice, IL‐6 may be the most worthwhile cytokine to be detected.

GGT1 is a SNP eQTL gene involved in STAT3 activation and associated with the development of Post-ERCP pancreatitis

“…Recently Corti et al 32 reported that the differential S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) catabolism mediated by GGT enzyme activity can downregulate the production of IL-8, which is a NF-κB target. Consistently, IL-8 levels were associated with pancreatitis risk 33 . Therefore, the role played by GGT1 in the metabolism of endogenous GSNO may also deserve attention insofar as the possibility exists that selected polymorphisms of the GGT1 enzyme are associated with lower activation of this endogenous anti-inflammatory molecule, as suggested previously 34 .…”