The relationship between impaired lung functions and cytokine levels in formaldehyde exposure

Öztan, Özgür; Tutkun, Lütfiye; Türksoy, Vugar Ali; Deniz, Serdar; Dip, Aybike; İritaş, Servet Birgin; Eravci, Deniz Boz; Alagüney, Mehmet Erdem

doi:10.1080/19338244.2020.1816883

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Among formalin-employers we found a significant alteration in the systemic oxidative status, highlighted by significantly higher urinary concentration of 15-F 2t -IsoP and MDA than in non-employers. In line with our results, many studies in literature reported interesting data demonstrating systemic adverse effects following FA exposure in occupational settings [ 4 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This finding is remarkable, since TNF-α is able to trigger the transcription of the nuclear factor kappa B, involved, in turn, in both inflammatory and OS processes [ 61 ]. Moreover, these results are in line with the results provided by Oztan et al (2020), reporting an increase in TNF-α and IL-6 serum levels in workers employed in a fibre manufacturing company exposed to FA [ 60 ]. The significant positive correlation we found between TNF-α and MDA levels, might be considered as a possible link between the alteration in both inflammatory and oxidative status, even though contrasting reports can be found [ 66 , 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Formaldehyde in Hospitals Induces Oxidative Stress: The Role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms

Ghelli

Bellisario

Squillacioti

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Despite the toxicity and health risk characteristics of formaldehyde (FA), it is currently used as a cytological fixative and the definition of safe exposure levels is still a matter of debate. Our aim was to investigate the alterations in both oxidative and inflammatory status in a hospital working population. The 68 workers recruited wore a personal air-FA passive sampler, provided a urine sample to measure 15-F2t-Isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and a blood specimen to measure tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα). Subjects were also genotyped for GSTT1 (Presence/Absence), GSTM1 (Presence/Absence), CYP1A1 exon 7 (A > G), and IL6 (−174, G > C). Workers were ex post split into formalin-employers (57.3 μg/m3) and non-employers (13.5 μg/m3). In the formalin-employers group we assessed significantly higher levels of 15-F2t-IsoP, MDA and TNFα (<0.001) in comparison to the non-employers group. The air-FA levels turned out to be positively correlated with 15-F2t-IsoP (p = 0.027) and MDA (p < 0.001). In the formalin-employers group the MDA level was significantly higher in GSTT1 Null (p = 0.038), GSTM1 Null (p = 0.031), and CYP1A1 exon 7 mutation carrier (p = 0.008) workers, compared to the wild type subjects. This study confirms the role of FA in biomolecular profiles alterations, highlighting how low occupational exposure can also result in measurable biological outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Formaldehyde in Hospitals Induces Oxidative Stress: The Role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms

Ghelli

Bellisario

Squillacioti

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…Consistent with our findings, previous studies have reported that FA exposure increases production of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α in rodents and human lung cells [ 28 , 58 , 59 ]. Furthermore, human field studies revealed significant increases in TNF-α secretion due to occupational exposure to FA and established a correlation between impaired pulmonary function and cytokine induction in FA-exposed workers [ 60 , 61 ]. Contrary to its inductive effect on cytokine production, FA reversibly inhibited secretion of 6 out of the 8 MMPs that we screened.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Sub-Acute Toxicity of Formaldehyde Fumes in an In Vitro Human Airway Epithelial Tissue Model

Ren

Muskhelishvili³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Formaldehyde (FA) is an irritating, highly reactive aldehyde that is widely regarded as an asthmagen. In addition to its use in industrial applications and being a product of combustion reaction and endogenous metabolism, FDA-regulated products may contain FA or release FA fumes that present toxicity risks for both patients and healthcare workers. Exposure to airborne FA is associated with nasal neoplastic lesions in both animals and humans. It is classified as a Group 2A carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) based on the increased incidence of cancer in animals and a known human carcinogen in the Report on Carcinogens by National Toxicology Program (NTP). Herein, we systematically evaluated the tissue responses to FA fumes in an in vitro human air–liquid interface (ALI) airway tissue model. Cultures were exposed at the air interface to 7.5, 15, and 30 ppm of FA fumes 4 h per day for 5 consecutive days. Exposure to 30 ppm of FA induced sustained oxidative stress, along with functional changes in ciliated and goblet cells as well as possible squamous differentiation. Furthermore, secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, GM-CSF, TNF-a and IFN-γ, was induced by repeated exposures to FA fumes. Expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-10, MMP-12, and MMP-13 was downregulated at the end of the 5-day exposure. Although DNA-damage was not detected by the comet assay, FA exposures downregulated the DNA repair enzymes MGMT and FANCD2, suggesting its possible interference in the DNA repair capacity. Overall, a general concordance was observed between our in vitro responses to FA fume exposures and the reported in vivo toxicity of FA. Our findings provide further evidence supporting the application of the ALI airway system as a potential in vitro alternative for screening and evaluating the respiratory toxicity of inhaled substances.

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“…The authors suggested this evidence as being “sufficient” ( Lam et al, 2021 ) [M]. Mechanistic plausibility of impaired lung function was provided in a study of 98 male workers in a factory, of which 39 were exposed to formaldehyde for > 4 h in a work shift and 77 workers were exposed < 4 h. Statistically significant differences were found in spot urine samples for formaldehyde, in whole blood samples for cytokine levels, and in pulmonary function test parameters ( Oztan et al, 2021 ) [c]. Another respiratory exposure to formaldehyde that must be considered may be the use of novel cigarette replacement or substitution products such as electronic cigarettes or heat-not-burn tobacco products.…”

Section: Aldehydes [Seda-39 209; Seda-40 289; Seda-41 251; Seda-42 24...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiseptic drugs and disinfectants with experience of the second year of COVID-19 pandemic-related side effects

Lachenmeier

2022

Side Effects of Drugs Annual

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The relationship between impaired lung functions and cytokine levels in formaldehyde exposure

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Formaldehyde in Hospitals Induces Oxidative Stress: The Role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms

Formaldehyde in Hospitals Induces Oxidative Stress: The Role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms

Evaluating the Sub-Acute Toxicity of Formaldehyde Fumes in an In Vitro Human Airway Epithelial Tissue Model

Antiseptic drugs and disinfectants with experience of the second year of COVID-19 pandemic-related side effects

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