The relationship between hypertension and sleep duration: an analysis of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-3)

Abstract

IntroductionHypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The majority of patients, however, cannot easily maintain a healthy blood pressure. Therefore, lifestyle modifications are important and may include getting enough sleep. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep duration and hypertension, as defined by the Joint National Committee (JNC) 7 and JNC 8 guidelines.MethodsWe used the data from 6,365 individuals aged ≥ 18 years based on national data from a representative sample of the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-3 in 2012. The participants were divided into three categories: JNC 7, JNC 8, and newly excluded only. The duration of sleep was classified as less than 5, 6, 7, 8, or more than 9 hours.ResultsCompared with the appropriate sleep duration of 7 hours, with a sleep duration of less than 5 hours, the recommended pharmacological treatment of hypertension rate increased 1.908-fold (95% CI = 1.483-2.456) according to the JNC 8 guidelines and 1.864-fold (95% CI = 1.446-2.403) according to the JNC 7 guidelines. However, there was no statistical difference with the other sleep categories.DiscussionThe recommended hypertension treatment rate increased significantly in the less than 5 hours sleep group according to the JNC 8 guidelines. To manage hypertension effectively, it may be useful to maintain a lifestyle of sleeping more than 6 hours.

Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with High Medication Adherence: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study

“…hours is associated with a lower risk of uncontrolled hypertension compared to sleep for <7 hours for middle-aged women with hypertension. The short sleep duration has been assumed to be related to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, 22) and it especially affects nighttime BP levels.…”

Relationship between sleep duration and Framingham cardiovascular risk score and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Koreans

“…Sleep duration is associated with adverse health outcomes, such as diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and obesity. [ 1 – 4 ] A previous study in Koreans showed that less than 5 hours of sleep is associated with the prevalence of hypertension. [ 4 ] Moreover, the same sleep duration was reported as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD).…”

Double the Prevalence of Stage 2 Hypertension Readings in a Small Group of American Pre-clinical Medical Students Compared to Young Adults Diagnosed with Stage 2 Hypertension in the United States

“…In this study, we found that students who sleep less than six hours per night are at significant risk of developing elevated, stage 1 HTN, and stage 2 HTN. Studies have shown that inadequate sleep and poor sleep quality are associated with increased blood pressure [16][17]. In our study, 25.5% (54/212) of students sleep an average of 6 hours or less per night, and we believe that the issue of sleep deprivation is prevalent in other medical schools.…”